Women and Property 1784-1790 Female to Female Only Transactions: North Riding Register of Deeds

Research hypothesis was to use the Registers of Deeds for the North Riding of Yorkshire (held at North Yorkshire County Record Office, Northallerton, England) to advance knowledge about women's involvement with property transfer and the wider property market in the 18th & 19th centuries. Registers began in 1736 and ceased in 1970; there are 89 Index Ledgers and 2,328 Deeds Registers. The system for recording data changed in 1885 so one Index Ledger was selected from pre/ post this date and 100 years apart to incorporate impact of Marriage Acts. Stage 1 - Two Index Ledgers were transcribed in full: 1) Index of Lands Vol 9 (1784-90) covers a seven-year period and contains 6,868 unique transactions (31,966 lines); and 2) Index of Lands 1885-1889 covers a five-year period and contains 14,481 unique transactions (52,741 lines). Each line represents a person's name. Core data from Index showed Township, unique reference and names of parties, but the 18th century Index Ledger did not show date of transaction or all parties. To analyse by gender this information was required so was added by using the Deeds Registers. Information from the individual Deeds Registers was then used to add to the core datasets: Stage 2 - The gender of all parties ('male', 'female' and 'not applicable' (for businesses) was added. Stage 3 - The usual residence, occupation (if any), marital status and any details of family relationships or inheritance rights of every women was added. Stage 4 - The 18th century dataset was then reduced to a five-year period covering 1785-1789 ONLY to provide a direct comparison with the 19th century dataset. Comparative analysis by: gender, marital status and number of transactions. Each transaction has a unique reference number but can contain multiple parties and cover more than one township. To identify the true number of transactions, the data had to be controlled for these factors. A control for uniqueness was also required for those individuals and organisations involved in multiple transactions and to avoid assuming that everyone with the same name was actually the same person. Where women were involved, additional data e.g. marital status, residence or family relationships was used to differentiate between like women. **Any transaction in 1784-1790 dataset that contained women ONLY and which had 2+ women named was manually extracted to a separate dataset - REPRESENTED HERE. Excel and .csv versions provided.** ***This dataset does NOT include sole female transactions (mainly Wills - see separate dataset).***

本研究的核心假设为：依托藏于英格兰诺思阿勒尔顿北约克郡档案办公室的《北约克郡北部骑区土地登记册（Registers of Deeds）》，深化学界对18至19世纪女性参与财产转移及广义财产市场的认知。该登记册自1736年启用，至1970年停用，共计包含89本索引总账（Index Ledgers）与2328份土地登记册（Deeds Registers）。1885年，数据记录体系发生变革，因此研究团队选取了该时间节点前后且间隔百年的两本索引总账，以纳入《婚姻法》（Marriage Acts）的实施影响。
第一阶段：研究团队完整转录了两本索引总账：其一为《土地索引 第9卷（1784-1790年）》，涵盖7年时段，包含6868笔独立交易，对应31966条记录；其二为《土地索引 1885-1889年》，涵盖5年时段，包含14481笔独立交易，对应52741条记录。每条记录对应一名当事人姓名。索引数据的核心字段包含镇区、唯一参考标识及当事人姓名，但18世纪的索引总账未记录交易日期与全部当事人信息。若需按性别维度开展分析，则需补充上述缺失信息，因此研究团队通过查阅土地登记册完成了数据补全。
后续研究通过提取单份土地登记册的信息来扩充核心数据集：第二阶段，为所有当事人添加性别标注，分为"男性""女性"及适用于企业的"不适用"三类；第三阶段，补充所有女性当事人的常规居住地、职业（若有）、婚姻状况，以及其家庭关系或继承权相关细节；第四阶段，将18世纪数据集精简至仅1785-1789年的5年时段，以实现与19世纪数据集的直接对标分析。
本研究开展了基于性别、婚姻状况及交易数量的对比分析。每笔交易均拥有唯一参考编号，但可包含多名当事人且涉及多个镇区。为准确统计交易的真实总量，需针对上述因素开展数据去重控制。同时，针对参与多笔交易的个人与组织，同样需开展唯一性校验，避免将同名主体误判为同一对象。当涉及女性当事人时，需借助婚姻状况、居住地或家庭关系等额外信息区分同名女性。
**本研究将1784-1790年数据集中仅包含女性当事人且涉及2名及以上女性的交易，手动提取为独立数据集——即本次展示的数据集。本数据集提供Excel与逗号分隔值（CSV）格式版本。***本数据集不包含仅由女性单独参与的交易（此类交易多与遗嘱相关，详见独立数据集）。