Data underlying the manuscript: Morphology, Cognition, and Behaviour - Identifying the Rural Heritage in a Chinese Historic Village Cluster

This is the research data for the manuscript "Morphology, Cognition, and Behaviour - Identifying the Rural Heritage in a Chinese Historic Village Cluster".<br>The following is the original abstract:As a response to the drastic changes happening in rural China in the past decades, in 2018, the government released a five-year national strategy to better develop and preserve the rural environment. During the process of rural vitalization, valuable rural heritage was to be identified before decision-making on planning. However, the places perceived as most important can differ from the ones mostly occupied and used by people. This study took Anyi Historic Village Cluster as a case study to empirically investigate villages by integrating three distinct yet related perspectives: 1) Morphology: space syntax was applied to find out the central places based on spatial accessibility; 2) Cognition: semi-structured interviews and cognitive mapping were conducted to distinguish the Lynchian “image of the villages”; 3) Behaviour: Wi-Fi positioning tracking was used to monitor the spatiotemporal patterns of human behaviour. Significant correlations were found among indicators in all three perspectives, which were combined to identify the most important places as local rural heritage, proving the necessity of integrating the three perspectives in practice rather than studying them apart. The proposed methodology can assist future rural planning decision-making on what to preserve, what to enhance, and how to benefit from development without losing the local rural identity.

本数据集为论文《形态、认知与行为——辨识中国历史村落集群中的乡村遗产》的配套研究数据。

以下为该论文的原文摘要：
针对过去数十年间中国乡村领域发生的剧烈变革，中国政府于2018年推出一项为期五年的国家战略，以更好地开发与保护乡村人居环境。在乡村振兴进程中，需先甄别具有价值的乡村遗产，再开展规划决策。然而，官方或学界认定的核心空间，往往与民众日常使用与停留的高频空间存在偏差。
本研究以安义历史村落集群为案例，整合三个既相互独立又紧密关联的维度开展实证性村落调研：1）形态维度：采用空间句法（space syntax）基于空间可达性识别村落核心空间；2）认知维度：开展半结构化访谈与认知地图（cognitive mapping）调研，以辨识林奇范式下的村落意象；3）行为维度：依托Wi-Fi定位追踪技术，监测人类行为的时空分布模式。
研究发现三个维度的指标间存在显著相关性，通过整合三者即可精准甄别出作为乡村遗产核心载体的关键空间，这也证明了在实践中整合三维视角而非割裂研究的必要性。
本研究提出的整合方法，可为未来乡村规划决策提供支撑，助力明确保护与提升的方向，以及在发展过程中如何保留本土乡村身份认同的同时实现发展收益。