De Jure Powersharing 1975-2019: Updating the Inclusion, Dispersion and Constraints Dataset

Powersharing institutions are often prescribed to enhance civil peace, democratic survival, and the equitable provision of public services, and these institutions have become more prevalent over time. Nonetheless, the past decade has seen a rise in democratic backsliding and competitive authoritarianism, raising questions about how the relationship between democracy and powersharing may be evolving. This paper introduces an update to the Inclusion, Dispersion, and Constraints (IDC) powersharing data that adds nine years of data, up through 2019. These new data also include enhanced intercoder reliability checks, a significant reduction in missing values, and the documentation and correction of some coding errors in the original data. Our new data show that, during the past decade, constraining and dispersive institutions have increasingly been adopted in non-democratic states. These data allow scholars to address urgent questions about whether previously observed relationships between powersharing and democracy and powersharing and civil peace still hold in this new era, and in what contexts powersharing institutions remain advisable.

权力分享制度（Powersharing Institutions）常被用以增进国内和平、维系民主体制存续以及公平供给公共服务，且这类制度随时间推移愈发普及。然而，过去十年间全球出现了民主倒退与竞争性威权主义抬头的趋势，由此引发学界对民主与权力分享之间的关系正如何演变的诸多疑问。本文对包容性、分散性与约束性（IDC）权力分享数据集进行了更新，新增了截至2019年的九年数据。本次更新后的数据集还增设了强化版的编码者间信度检验流程，大幅减少了缺失值，并对原始数据中的部分编码错误完成了记录与修正。本次更新的数据显示，在过去十年间，非民主国家愈发倾向于采用约束性与分散性权力分享制度。该数据集能够助力学者探讨当下亟需解答的议题：诸如过往研究中所揭示的权力分享与民主、权力分享与国内和平之间的关联，在新时代是否依然成立，以及在何种情境下权力分享制度仍具备推行价值。