Decreased Ovarian Reserve Predicts Inexplicability of Recurrent Miscarriage? A Retrospective Analysis

Objective To evaluate anti-Mullerian hormone, basal follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and female age in women with recurrent miscarriage and to compare women with explained and idiopathic recurrent miscarriage. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting University hospital, tertiary care center. Patients Women with recurrent miscarriage (78 explained, 66 idiopathic). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measures(s) Anti-Mullerian hormone, basal follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and age. Results Anti-Mullerian hormone and estradiol were significantly lower in women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (median 1.2 ng/ml, IQR 0.6–2.1, and median 36.5 pg/ml, IQR 25.8–47.3, respectively) than in women with explained recurrent miscarriage (median 2.0 ng/ml, IQR 1.1–2.7, and median 42.5 pg/ml, IQR 32.8–59.8, respectively; p<0.05). Optimized cut-off values for the prediction of idiopathic recurrent miscarriage were <39.5 pg/ml for estradiol (sensitivity: 63.3%, 95% CI: 50.9–75.1; specificity: 56.4%, 95% CI: 44.7–67.6) and <1.90 ng/ml for anti-Mullerian hormone (sensitivity: 72.7%, 95% CI: 60.4–83.0; specificity: 52.6%, 95% CI: 40.9–64.0). Conclusion Idiopathic recurrent miscarriage was associated with lower basal estradiol and anti-Mullerian hormone levels compared to explained recurrent miscarriage.