Acropora cervicornis 16S rRNA sequence metadata: nutrient- and disease-exposed from samples collected at Mote Marine Laboratory in situ nursery from June to July 2022

In the summer of 2022, 20 ramets each of the Acropora cervicornis genotypes ML-AC-36 and ML-AC-46 were collected from Mote’s in situ coral nursery and subjected to three weeks of elevated nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate in the form of a slow-release fertilizer. The duration and concentration of this exposure were selected based on prior experiments conducted at Mote Marine Laboratory, which were found to alter microbial community profiles and growth rates in A. cervicornis (Klinges et al., 2022, 2023). During experiment, corals were held in 2-gallon aquaria with 5 corals per aquarium. As Mote Marine Laboratory’s experimental aquarium system is plumbed into nearshore coastal water and thus has a higher nutrient load than the reef, an additional subset of 18 ramets of each genotype was collected from Mote’s in situ coral nursery immediately prior to disease challenge to evaluate the impact of nearshore water on disease response. All ramets in the disease group were subjected to disease challenge in the form of a tissue homogenate produced from diseased fragments of random genotypes of A. cervicornis. Ramets in a comparative unexposed group were exposed to a homogenate produced from healthy fragments of random genotypes of A. cervicornis. We collected 190 samples for 16S rRNA sequencing, including prior to nutrient exposure, nutrient-exposed and -unexposed corals prior to disease challenge, and at several timepoints throughout disease exposure capturing both diseased and apparently healthy phenotypes. We additionally collected numerous samples for measurements of immune-related proteins. In brief, we found that disease challenge significantly impacted microbial communities, leading to significant differences in community composition between disease-exposed samples that developed disease, exposed samples that resisted disease, and healthy unexposed controls. The taxa Algicola, Halarcobacter, Saprospira, Shimia, Tenacibaculum, Thalassolituus, and Thalassotalea increased in abundance in samples that developed disease. Of the genotypes chosen for the experiment, one genotype was dominated by the putative parasite Aquarickettsia. We found that both genotypes were susceptible to disease, in contrast to previous results indicating that genotypes with low abundance of Aquarickettsia and relatively diverse microbiomes were disease-resistant. Raw sequence reads have been submitted to SRA under PRJNA1024453 with an embargo until publication.2022年夏季，研究人员从莫特海洋实验室（Mote Marine Laboratory）的原位珊瑚苗圃采集了鹿角杯形珊瑚（Acropora cervicornis）基因型ML-AC-36与ML-AC-46各20个无性繁殖体，将其置于添加缓释肥料形式的高浓度硝酸盐、铵盐与磷酸盐的环境中培养三周。本次暴露的时长与浓度参考了莫特海洋实验室此前的实验方案，该方案已被证实可改变鹿角杯形珊瑚的微生物群落结构与生长速率（Klinges等，2022、2023）。 实验期间，珊瑚被饲养于2加仑水族箱中，每箱投放5个繁殖体。由于莫特海洋实验室的实验水族系统接驳近岸海水，其营养负荷高于自然珊瑚礁，因此研究人员在病害挑战前额外从原位珊瑚苗圃采集了各基因型的18个繁殖体，以评估近岸海水对珊瑚病害响应的影响。 病害组的所有繁殖体均通过接种源自随机基因型鹿角杯形珊瑚患病组织的组织匀浆开展人工病害挑战；未暴露对照组则接种源自随机基因型鹿角杯形珊瑚健康组织的组织匀浆。 本研究共收集190份样本用于16S rRNA测序（16S rRNA sequencing），样本涵盖营养暴露前、病害挑战前的营养暴露与未暴露珊瑚个体，以及病害暴露过程中多个时间点的样本，覆盖患病与表观健康两种表型。此外，研究团队还收集了大量样本用于免疫相关蛋白的检测分析。 简言之，本研究发现人工病害挑战显著影响珊瑚微生物群落，导致发病暴露组、抗病暴露组与健康未暴露对照组的群落组成出现显著差异。在发病样本中，Algicola、Halarcobacter、Saprospira、Shimia、Tenacibaculum、Thalassolituus及Thalassotalea的丰度显著升高。在本次实验选用的两个基因型中，其中一个基因型被推定的寄生虫Aquarickettsia主导定殖。研究发现两个基因型均对病害易感，这与此前的研究结果相悖——此前研究表明，Aquarickettsia丰度较低且微生物群落多样性较高的基因型具有抗病性。 原始序列读取数据已提交至序列读取归档（Sequence Read Archive，SRA），存档编号为PRJNA1024453，将在论文发表前处于保密状态。