THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL HISTORY: FOUNDATIONS, METHODS, AND PROSPECTS.

Digital history has emerged as one of the most transformative methodological shifts in the historical discipline over the past three decades. This article examines the conceptual foundations, theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches, and institutional developments that define digital history as a distinct scholarly practice. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, foundational texts, and empirical case studies, the article traces the evolution of digital history from its early computational roots to its current manifestations in data-driven research, digital archives, spatial history, and public engagement. The article further addresses critiques, limitations, and the epistemological challenges posed by digitization and algorithmic analysis of historical sources. Special attention is given to developments in Central Asia and Uzbekistan, where digital historical scholarship is gaining institutional momentum.近三十年来，数字史学（Digital History）已成为历史学科中最具变革性的方法论转向之一。本文探析了将数字史学确立为独立学术实践的概念基础、理论框架、方法论路径与制度发展脉络。本文依托同行评议文献、奠基性文本与实证案例研究，梳理了数字史学从早期计算起源，到如今在数据驱动研究、数字档案馆、空间史学与公众参与等领域的具体形态与发展历程。本文还探讨了历史资源数字化与算法分析所引发的批评意见、自身局限以及认识论层面的挑战。本文特别关注了中亚与乌兹别克斯坦的数字史学发展动态，当地的数字历史学术研究正获得愈发强劲的制度发展动能。