Dataset Repository fot \"Europe’s Technological Advantage: Strategic Strengths and Structural Limits\"

This article examines Europe’s competitive position in critical and frontier technologies, asking where the European Union holds measurable or plausible strategic strength relative to the United States and China. Using a three-dimensional framework based on scientific capacity, industrial capacity, and strategic autonomy, the paper assesses Europe’s position across clean technologies, quantum technologies, advanced materials, biotechnology, industrial robotics, space systems, and advanced connectivity. The central argument is that Europe’s technological advantage is real, but structurally concentrated rather than broadly distributed. The paper shows that the main barriers to converting research excellence into global commercial leadership are scale-up failure, fragmented capital markets, regulatory complexity, and institutional incoherence. At the same time, it identifies the domains in which Europe has the strongest prospects for defensible leadership, especially where engineering quality, standards authority, and system integration intersect. The article concludes that durable European technological competitiveness will depend on coherent industrial policy, stronger capital market integration, and better coordination between the European Commission, member states, and private-sector actors.本文聚焦欧盟在关键前沿技术领域的竞争态势，探究相较于美国与中国，欧盟具备可量化或合理可信的战略优势的领域。本文基于科学能力、产业能力与战略自主性构建三维分析框架，对欧盟在清洁技术、量子技术、先进材料、生物技术、工业机器人、航天系统以及先进互联技术等领域的竞争地位展开评估。本文核心论点为：欧盟的技术优势确实存在，但在结构上呈现集中化特征，而非广泛覆盖各领域。研究表明，将卓越科研成果转化为全球商业领军地位的主要障碍包括：规模化落地失败、资本市场碎片化、监管体系复杂以及制度协调性不足。与此同时，本文也明确了欧盟具备可维持领先地位的最具潜力的领域，尤其是在工程质量、标准制定话语权与系统集成三者交汇的赛道。本文最终得出结论：欧盟要实现可持续的技术竞争力，需依托连贯统一的产业政策、更深度的资本市场一体化，以及加强欧盟委员会、成员国与私营部门主体之间的协同协作。