Mineral composition and clinical aspects of urolithiasis in cats in Brazil

ABSTRACT Between October 2016 and October 2017, 63 feline uroliths were analyzed at Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) by using both chemical analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The most frequent mineral type found was struvite (53.9%), followed by urate (39.7%), calcium oxalate (30.1%) and calcium phosphate (25.3%). Calculus containing xanthine, cystine and silica were not observed. Uroliths classified as simple, comprised a total of 34/63. Amongst the 42 animals present in the study, 26 were male and 16 were female. Pure breed animals comprised 14.4% of the total, and the breeds observed within the study were the Persian, Himalayan, Siamese, and Angora. Cats between 25-72 months old were more frequently diagnosed with uroliths. The clinical signs varied between systemic and urinary signs and the most found were anorexia, vomiting, hematuria and dysuria. All patients were either spayed or neutered and 34 patients had no outdoor access. Familial information was unknown in almost 100% of the cases. The results observed in the present study serve as a basis for future comparisons related to the epidemiology of urinary lithiasis in Brazil, especially for the feline species.

摘要：2016年10月至2017年10月期间，研究团队于戈亚斯联邦大学（Universidade Federal de Goiás, UFG）对63份猫尿路结石样本开展分析，分别采用化学分析法与能量色散光谱法（energy dispersive spectroscopy, EDS）。检出频率最高的矿物成分为鸟粪石（struvite，占比53.9%），其次为尿酸盐（urate，39.7%）、草酸钙（calcium oxalate，30.1%）与磷酸钙（calcium phosphate，25.3%）。未发现含黄嘌呤、胱氨酸或二氧化硅的结石。单纯型结石共计34份，占总样本量的34/63。本研究纳入的42只受试猫中，26只为雄性，16只为雌性。纯种猫占受试总数的14.4%，涉及品种包括波斯猫、喜马拉雅猫、暹罗猫与安哥拉猫。25~72月龄的猫尿路结石检出率更高。临床症状涵盖全身性与泌尿系统症状两类，最常见的表现为食欲废绝、呕吐、血尿及排尿困难。所有受试动物均已接受绝育手术，其中34只无户外活动史。几乎所有病例的家族遗传信息均未明确。本研究结果可作为巴西后续猫尿路结石流行病学相关研究的对比基准，尤其针对猫科动物范畴。