Gut Microbiome Composition Predicts Infection Risk during Chemotherapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Myelosuppression-related infections remain important causes of morbidity and mortality in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). By analyzing fecal samples collected at diagnosis and after each of the initial three phases of chemotherapy, we evaluated the role of gut microbiota in predicting infections in 199 children with newly diagnosed ALL. The bacterial 16S gene was analyzed by high-depth sequencing to determine the diversity and composition of the microbiome.