延河流域水沙变化及其对土地利用/覆被的响应

人类活动和气候变化对流域水沙过程的影响一直是研究的重点，特别是近些年黄河流域水沙变化急剧减少，众多学者为了厘清黄河水沙变化驱动因素，对黄河流域开展了大量研究工作。因此，关于如何定量分析气候变化和人类活动对黄河流域径流泥沙变化的影响是明确未来黄土高原生态治理的方向。本文以黄土高原延河流域为研究区，收集并整理了延河流域甘谷驿水文控制站1956-2016年径流输沙序列实测资料以及四期土地利用数据(1990、2000、2005和2010年)，采用时间序列法(M-K趋势检验、累积距平)、Pettitt突变法和双累积曲线法等分析研究延河流域近61年来径流输沙序列时空变化特征，并尝试辨明降雨变化和人类活动对流域水沙变化的贡献。同时，基于流域1990-2010年四期土地利用/覆被数据，分析流域土地利用变化特征;在流域内构建SWAT模型，评价了模型在该流域的适用性。在模型验证的基础上，构建不同时期的土地利用情景，定量分析了土地利用/覆被变化对流域水沙变化的影响，揭示了黄土高原大规模退耕还林还草引起的土地利用/覆被变化对流域水沙过程的调控机制。主要研究结论如下:(1)1956-2016年延河流域甘谷驿水文控制站年径流量和年输沙量均呈极显著减小趋势(p

The impacts of human activities and climate change on watershed water-sediment processes have long been a core research focus. Notably, the drastic reduction of water and sediment changes in the Yellow River Basin in recent years has prompted numerous scholars to conduct extensive studies on this basin to clarify the driving factors of such variations. Accordingly, quantitatively analyzing the effects of climate change and human activities on runoff and sediment load changes in the Yellow River Basin is critical for clarifying the direction of future ecological management on the Loess Plateau.

This study takes the Yanhe River Basin on the Loess Plateau as the research area, collecting and organizing measured runoff and sediment load time series data from the Ganguyi Hydrological Control Station in the Yanhe River Basin during 1956–2016, as well as four-period land use data (1990, 2000, 2005, and 2010). Methods including time series analysis (Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend test, cumulative anomaly), Pettitt change-point test, and double mass curve method were adopted to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of runoff and sediment load time series in the Yanhe River Basin over the past 61 years, and to identify the contributions of rainfall changes and human activities to watershed water-sediment variations. Meanwhile, based on the four-period land use/cover data of the basin from 1990 to 2010, the characteristics of land use change in the watershed were analyzed. A SWAT model was constructed in the basin to evaluate its applicability in this area. On the basis of model validation, land use scenarios of different periods were established to quantitatively analyze the impacts of land use/cover change on watershed water-sediment variations, and to reveal the regulatory mechanism of land use/cover change caused by the large-scale grain-for-green project (conversion of cropland to forest and grassland) on the Loess Plateau on watershed water-sediment processes. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) From 1956 to 2016, both the annual runoff and annual sediment load at the Ganguyi Hydrological Control Station in the Yanhe River Basin showed an extremely significant decreasing trend (p

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于黄土高原延河流域，基于1956-2016年的径流输沙序列和四期土地利用数据，分析了水沙变化的时空特征。通过SWAT模型和情景构建，定量评估了土地利用/覆被变化对流域水沙过程的调控机制，旨在揭示人类活动与气候变化对水沙变化的影响。