Quantitative Proteomics Using Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids in Cell Culture Reveals Protein and Pathway Regulation in Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infected PK-15 Cells

The infection of host cells by porcine circovirus type
2 (PCV2)
leads to extensive modulation of the gene expression levels of target
cells. To uncover the pathogenesis and virus-host interactions of
PCV2, a quantitative proteomic study using the stable isotope labeling
with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), coupled with mass spectrometry,
was performed on PCV2-infected PK-15 cells. The SILAC-based approach
identified 1341 proteins, 163 of which showed significant change in
level at 72 h after infection (79 up-regulated and 84 down-regulated).
The modulated proteins included a number of proteins involved in substrate
transport, cytoskeletal changes, and the stress response. Changes
in the expression levels of selected proteins were verified by Western
blot analysis. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used to reveal protein
and interactive pathway regulation in response to PCV2 infection.
Functional network and pathway analyses could provide insights into
the complexity and dynamics of virus–host cell interactions
and may accelerate our understanding of the mechanisms of PCV2 infection.