Characteristics of Included Models.

AF = atrial fibrillation; ASA = aspirin; CI = contraindication; ECH = extracranial hemorrhage; F = foundation; G = government; GI = gastrointestinal; ICH = intracranial hemorrhage; INR = international normalized ratio; MI = myocardial infarction; NA = not applicable; NR = not reported; NHS = National Health Service; P = pharmaceutical company; RE-LY = Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy; ROCKET-AF = Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation; QHES = Quality of Health Economic Studies; TIA = transient ischemic attack; TTR = time in therapeutic range; UK = United Kingdom; US = United States; VKA = vitamin k antagonist.aSequential dabigatran = 150 mg BID in those 80 years of age.