Portrait of a Mourner

This sculpture is part of a tomb of Philip the Bold, Portrait of a Mourner. The Mourners: Tomb Sculptures from the Court of Burgundy features thirty-seven sculptures from the tomb of John the Fearless (1371–1419), the second duke of Burgundy. His elaborate tomb, once housed at a monastery on the outskirts of Dijon, is now one of the centerpieces of the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dijon. During the 14th and 15th centuries, the Valois dukes of Burgundy ruled over extensive territories in present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands from their capital in Dijon, which during their reign became a major center of artistic patronage. Their court's sculpture workshop produced some of the most profound and original art of the period. The tombs of the first and second Burgundian Dukes, Philip the Bold and John the Fearless, are among the summits of their achievement. Each tomb includes in its lower register an elaborate arcade in the flamboyant gothic style, populated by a solemn processional of alabaster figures of monks and clerics that appear to circulate around the tomb as if it were a cloister. These sculptures, known as the mourners, are small-scale embodiments of late medieval devotion. While some of the figures are shown wringing their hands or drying their tears, others appear lost in solemn contemplation, while still others hide their faces in the deeply carved folds of their robes.这件雕塑是大胆者腓力（Philip the Bold）墓的组成部分，作品名为《哀悼者肖像》（Portrait of a Mourner）。《哀悼者：勃艮第宫廷墓雕》（The Mourners: Tomb Sculptures from the Court of Burgundy）收录了37件出自勃艮第第二任公爵无畏者约翰（John the Fearless，1371–1419）墓的雕塑作品。无畏者约翰这座形制繁复的陵墓最初安置于第戎近郊的修道院中，如今已是第戎美术博物馆（Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dijon）的核心馆藏之一。14至15世纪期间，瓦卢瓦王朝的勃艮第公爵以第戎为都城，统治着如今涵盖法国、卢森堡、比利时与荷兰的广袤疆域；在其统治时期，第戎也成为了欧洲艺术赞助的核心重镇。该宫廷的雕塑工坊打造了该时期最具深度与独创性的艺术作品，而勃艮第前两任公爵——大胆者腓力与无畏者约翰的陵墓，便是其艺术成就的巅峰代表。每座陵墓的下层饰带均设有火焰哥特式（flamboyant Gothic）风格的精美拱廊，拱廊中排布着肃穆行进的僧侣与神职人员雪花石膏雕像，仿佛环绕陵墓的修道院回廊一般循环游走。这些被统称为"哀悼者"的雕塑，是中世纪晚期宗教虔诚的小型具象载体。部分雕像呈现出绞拧双手、拭去泪水的哀恸姿态，另有一些沉浸在肃穆的沉思之中，还有些则将脸庞深埋于衣袍雕刻深邃的褶皱之间。