Role of soil moisture gradients in favouring mesoscale convective systems in East China

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) play a crucial role in summer precipitation in East China. Understanding the impact of soil moisture (SM) on MCSs is essential for improving rainfall prediction and projection, especially as climate change intensifies SM heterogeneity in the region. Using convection-permitting simulations spanning 22 summers, we analyze how SM gradients influence the development and propagation of MCSs. The dataset and code provided are used to generate the research findings.中尺度对流系统（Mesoscale convective systems, MCSs）在中国东部夏季降水中发挥着至关重要的作用。明晰土壤湿度（soil moisture, SM）对中尺度对流系统的影响，对于提升降雨预报与预估能力至关重要，尤其在气候变化加剧该区域土壤湿度异质性的背景下。本研究采用覆盖22个夏季的对流容许数值模拟，分析了土壤湿度梯度对中尺度对流系统发展与传播的影响。本文提供的数据集与代码可用于生成本研究的相关结论。