HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS OF RAILWAY DISPATCHERS

The occupational environment of railway dispatchers is characterized by a high level of neuro-emotional strain and exposure to multiple adverse production factors. Based on hygienic classification criteria, working conditions in dispatch centers can be categorized as hazardous, corresponding to class 3 (degrees 2–3) in terms of labor intensity and severity. This study evaluates the workload, physiological responses, and occupational risks associated with dispatcher activities and proposes preventive measures aimed at improving working conditions.铁路调度员的职业环境以高程度神经情绪应激、暴露于多项生产性有害因素为典型特征。依据卫生学分级标准，调度中心的作业环境可归类为有害作业场所，对应劳动强度与危害程度分级中的第3级（2~3级）。本研究针对调度作业相关的工作负荷、生理反应及职业风险开展评估，并提出旨在改善作业环境的预防措施。