The Qaidam Basin Microbiome and Virome Catalogue

The Qaidam Basin in the northern Tibetan Plateau is one of the driest and highest deserts on Earth. The extreme conditions of the Qaidam Basin (e.g., hyperaridity, coldness, high saline levels, and high UV radiation), along with widespread evaporites (e.g., sulfates and chlorides) and Mars-like landforms (e.g., gullies, yardangs, playas, dunes, and polygons), establish it as an exemplary and unique terrestrial Mars analogue site. The Qaidam Basin Microbiome and Virome Catalogue contains 1,773 bacterial and archaeal metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), 2,060 viral genomes, and 12,448 viral scaffolds identified from 58 desert soil metagenomes. The metagenomic data have been deposited in NCBI bioproject PRJNA1213342 and PRJNA727938.青藏高原北部的柴达木盆地是地球上最干旱、海拔最高的荒漠之一。柴达木盆地兼具超干旱、低温、高盐度与强紫外辐射等极端环境特征，且广泛分布硫酸盐、氯化物等蒸发岩以及冲沟、雅丹、干盐湖、沙丘及多边形构造等类火星地貌，使其成为极具代表性且独一无二的陆地火星类比研究站点。柴达木盆地微生物组与病毒组目录包含从58份荒漠土壤宏基因组中鉴定得到的1773个细菌与古菌宏基因组组装基因组（metagenome-assembled genomes，MAGs）、2060个病毒基因组以及12448个病毒支架。该宏基因组数据已提交至NCBI生物项目PRJNA1213342与PRJNA727938。