Suitability of façades for the use of solar energy

The sun's energy that reaches the Earth's surface can be used, via two proven forms of solar technology – photovoltaics (electric current) and solar thermal energy (heat) – to generate renewable energy. Solar power has considerable potential: by 2050, around 20 per cent of the present demand for electricity could be generated using photovoltaics. Solar heat is an interesting option thanks to various types of standardised installation for warm water and heating support. The suitability map shows how well-suited individual façades are to using solar energy and what yield would be possible. To determine this, the course of the sun over the year is simulated and the solar radiation that reaches each façade calculated. The specified surface equals the entire surface of the façade and does not involve a reduction due to windows or similar. Radiation data from the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSchweiz and 3D building data from the Federal Office of Topography swisstopo (product swissBUILDINGS3D 2.0) was used in these calculations.<br><br> From 2023 onwards, updated data bases will be used to calculate the solar potential. With each annual update, a part of Switzerland is updated with the new data basis. The model documentation contains an overview of the areas that have already been updated. In addition, the module efficiency of photovoltaic systems was increased from 17% to 20% for the whole of Switzerland from 1.1.2023.抵达地球表面的太阳能量，可通过两种经验证的太阳能技术——光伏发电（photovoltaics，可产生电流）与太阳能热能（solar thermal energy，可产生热量）——转化为可再生能源。太阳能发电潜力巨大：至2050年，瑞士当前电力需求的约20%可通过光伏发电实现。太阳能热能凭借各类标准化的热水供应与供暖辅助安装方案，成为极具吸引力的选择。本适配性地图可展示各单个建筑外立面适配太阳能利用的优劣程度，以及可实现的太阳能产出量。为测算该适配性，需模拟全年太阳运行轨迹，并计算抵达各外立面的太阳辐射量。本次计算采用的表面积为建筑外立面的总面积，未考虑窗户或类似结构造成的面积折减。本次测算使用了瑞士联邦气象与气候局（MeteoSchweiz）的辐射数据，以及瑞士联邦地形局（swisstopo）的3D建筑数据（产品为swissBUILDINGS3D 2.0）。 自2023年起，本数据集将采用更新后的数据库开展太阳能潜力测算。每年度更新时，将对瑞士部分区域切换至新的数据基准进行升级。模型文档中汇总了已完成更新的区域清单。此外，自2023年1月1日起，瑞士全境光伏发电系统的组件效率已从17%提升至20%。