Mineralogy, geochemistry and microstructures of biogenic iron oxides (oxyhydroxides) in deep-sea hydrothermal vents of the Indian Ocean

The important geological, environmental, and biological information contained in Fe-oxides (oxyhydroxides) in extreme hydrothermal environments has provided unique opportunities for exploring the microbial-driven mechanism of Fe-oxide formation. However, the interactions between biogenic Fe-oxides and organic components and their association with in situ geochemical signatures in hydrothermal systems remain.Our results suggested that bioorganic molecules may play a key role in the formation of iron-deposited carbon dots similar to metal-organic framework nanoreactors, which promoted the development of biomineralized iron structures.