dataset for: Fire activity and drought increases ozone-plant damage to the Amazon rainforest.

Abstract This dataset relates to work undertaken for publication 'Fire activity and drought increases ozone-plant damage to the Amazon rainforest.' Datasets and jupyter notebooks allow the figures and data to be reproduced. ABSTRACT: Human activity is exposing the Amazon rainforest to increasing stressors, including plant damage due to elevated ozone (O3) pollution. O3-plant damage reduces plant photosynthesis and the land carbon sink thus increasing atmospheric CO2. Factors that control O3-plant damage in the Amazon have not been characterised so damage may be exacerbated by recurrent extreme drought and fires. We identify drivers of interannual variability in O3-plant damage using a land surface model validated against satellite products. We find that O3-plant damage increases with fire activity, with additional interactive effects during major droughts. The indirect increase in atmospheric CO2 from fire-driven O3-plant damage is ~50% the magnitude of direct CO2 emissions from fires in non-drought years, suggesting the negative impact of fires on the Amazon carbon budget is severely underestimated. During droughts, leaves close their stomata, which reduces O3 uptake and should protect against O3 damage. However, due to higher fire activity, and elevated O3 concentrations, O3-plant damage during droughts is up to 77 Tg-C (or over 2 times) greater than average. As droughts are set to become more frequent, our results demonstrate that high fire activity associated with drought increases the O3-plant damage risk to the rainforest, especially in remote areas.摘要 本数据集关联于已发表论文《火灾活动与干旱加剧臭氧（O₃）对亚马孙雨林的植物损伤》（Fire activity and drought increases ozone-plant damage to the Amazon rainforest.）。本数据集及配套Jupyter笔记本可复现论文中的图表与相关数据。 摘要： 人类活动正使亚马孙雨林面临日益增多的环境胁迫因子，其中包括因臭氧（O₃）污染浓度升高引发的植物损伤。臭氧对植物的损伤会降低植物光合作用效率与陆地碳汇能力，进而推高大气二氧化碳（CO₂）浓度。目前学界尚未明确亚马孙地区臭氧-植物损伤的控制因子，因此反复发生的极端干旱与火灾可能会加剧这一损伤。 本研究依托经卫星产品验证的陆面模型（Land Surface Model），识别了臭氧-植物损伤年际变率的驱动因子。研究发现，臭氧-植物损伤随火灾活动加剧而升高，且在重大干旱事件期间会产生额外的交互效应。 火灾驱动的臭氧-植物损伤所间接引发的大气CO₂增量，约为非干旱年份火灾直接CO₂排放量的50%，这表明火灾对亚马孙碳收支的负面影响被严重低估。 干旱期间，植物叶片会关闭气孔以减少臭氧摄入，理论上可抵御臭氧损伤。但由于火灾活动增强与臭氧浓度升高，干旱时期的臭氧-植物损伤量最高可达77太克碳（Tg-C），较平均水平高出2倍以上。 随着干旱事件愈发频发，本研究结果表明，与干旱相伴的高强度火灾活动会提升雨林面临的臭氧-植物损伤风险，在偏远地区这一风险尤为突出。