Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Orientus ishidae (Matsumura, 1902) share phytoplasma genotypes linked to the “Flavescence dorée” epidemics

Flavescence dorée (FD) is a grapevine disease caused by associated phytoplasmas (FDp), which are epidemically spread by their main vector Scaphoideus titanus. The possible roles of alternative and secondary FDp plant hosts and vectors have gained interest to better understand the FDp ecology and epidemiology. A survey conducted in the surroundings of a vineyard in the Swiss Southern Alps aimed at studying the possible epidemiological role of the FDp secondary vector Orientus ishidae and the FDp host plant Alnus glutinosa is reported. Data used for the publication. Insects were captured by using a sweeping net (on common alder trees) and yellow sticky traps (Rebell Giallo, Andermatt Biocontrol AG, Switzerland) placed in the vineyard canopy. Insects were later determined and selected for molecular analyses. Grapevines and common alder samples were collected using the standard techniques. The molecular analyses were conducted in order to identify samples infected by the Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (16SrV-p) and the Bois Noir phytoplasma (16SrXII-p). A selection of the infected sampled were further characterized by map genotype and sequenced in order to compare the genotypes in insects, grapevines and common alder trees.

葡萄金黄化病（Flavescence dorée，简称FD）是一类由相关植原体（phytoplasma，FDp）引发的葡萄病害，该植原体主要通过其主要传播媒介凹缘菱纹叶蝉（Scaphoideus titanus）实现流行病传播。为深入解析FDp的生态学与流行病学特征，替代寄主、次要FDp寄主植物以及次要传播媒介在病害循环中的潜在作用逐渐受到学界关注。本数据集源自一项在瑞士南阿尔卑斯山区某葡萄园周边开展的调查研究，旨在探究FDp的次要传播媒介日本二点叶蝉（Orientus ishidae）以及FDp寄主植物欧洲桤木（Alnus glutinosa）在流行病学中的潜在作用，相关数据已用于学术论文发表。调查采用扫网法（采集欧洲桤木上的昆虫）以及放置于葡萄园冠层的黄色粘虫板（Rebell Giallo，瑞士Andermatt Biocontrol AG公司生产）捕获昆虫样本。后续对捕获的昆虫进行种类鉴定，并筛选出用于分子分析的样本；同时采用标准采样技术采集葡萄植株与欧洲桤木样本。本研究开展分子分析以鉴定携带葡萄金黄化植原体（16SrV-p）与葡萄衰退植原体（Bois Noir phytoplasma，16SrXII-p）的样本。对部分阳性感染样本进一步通过基因型图谱分型进行特征鉴定，并开展测序，以对比昆虫、葡萄植株以及欧洲桤木样本中的植原体基因型差异。