THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME AND ITS MANIFESTATIONS IN THE ORAL CAVITY

This article provides a scientific analysis of the theoretical foundations, etiology, and pathogenesis of erythema multiforme (EM). During the research process, the role of immunological mechanisms, infectious, and allergic factors in the development of the disease was substantiated. In addition, the clinical manifestations of EM in the oral cavity, particularly the formation of erosions, ulcers, and inflammatory lesions, were systematically described. Based on clinical observations, the main symptoms of the disease, their localization, and their impact on the patient’s condition were identified. The research results indicate the necessity of differential diagnosis of EM from other mucosal diseases. The article also justifies the importance of early detection, accurate diagnosis, and comprehensive treatment approaches. The obtained scientific results expand the possibilities for effective management of EM in dental and dermatological practice.本文对多形红斑（erythema multiforme，EM）的理论基础、病因及发病机制开展了系统性科学分析。研究过程中，证实了免疫机制、感染与过敏因素在该病发生发展中的核心作用。此外，本文系统描述了多形红斑在口腔中的临床表现，尤其针对糜烂、溃疡及炎性损害的形成过程进行了详述。基于临床观察结果，明确了该病的主要症状、发病部位及其对患者病情的影响。研究结果表明，需将多形红斑与其他黏膜疾病开展鉴别诊断。本文同时论证了早期发现、精准诊断及综合治疗方案的重要性。本研究所得的科学成果，可为牙科与皮肤科临床中多形红斑的有效诊疗提供更多可行路径。