Amistad National Recreation Area: Archeological Survey and Cultural Resource Inventory

This draft report is submitted in partial fulfillment of Cooperative Agreement No. 1443-CA-1250-6-005 between the National Park Service and Texas A&M University (TAMU). It presents a basic description of the Systemwide Archeological Inventory Survey (SAIP) of 19921993, and subsequent surveys conducted during a reservoir drawdown period in 1995, 1996, and 1997. Survey descriptions are based on draft documents and site data recording forms submitted to TAMU.
The sample of 500 sites is discussed and summarized in tabular form. Fourteen prehistoric site types were identified in the database, with 144 sites located wholly or partially on federal property, and the remaining 356 on adjacent private property. The database contains 227 rockshelters, 92 burned rock middens, and 29 caves; these three site types account for 76 percent of all the sites in the project database. In addition to these site types, 25 fire-cracked rock concentrations or scatters, 24 overhangs, 22 lithic scatters, and 16 hearth sites are listed. The database of 500 sites contains a total of 2,477 feature entries 2,380 are prehistoric and 97 are historic. The presence of 109 pictograph features and 183 well-preserved middens in shelters attests to the unusual richness of cultural resources in this region. The discussion summarizes known site attributes, including cultural affiliation, chronology, feature and artifact scatter types, landform category, material culture, and rock art features of the 500 survey sites.

本报告草案为完成国家公园管理局（National Park Service）与德克萨斯农工大学（Texas A&M University, TAMU）之间第1443-CA-1250-6-005号合作协议的部分工作而提交。本报告对1992—1993年全系统考古清查调查（Systemwide Archeological Inventory Survey, SAIP）以及1995、1996和1997年水库水位消落期开展的后续调查进行了基本描述。本次调查的相关说明基于提交至德克萨斯农工大学的草案文件与遗址数据记录表。
本次研究的500处遗址样本以表格形式进行了讨论与汇总。数据库中共识别出14处史前遗址类型，其中144处遗址全部或部分位于联邦所有土地上，剩余356处遗址毗邻私有土地。数据库中共收录227处岩棚、92处烧石堆遗存与29处洞穴；这三类遗址占本项目数据库总遗址数的76%。除上述遗址类型外，本数据库还收录了25处烧裂石聚集/散布点、24处岩檐、22处石制品散布点以及16处灶址遗存。本500处遗址的数据库中共包含2477条遗存条目——其中2380条为史前遗存，97条为历史时期遗存。岩棚中发现的109处岩画遗存与183处保存完好的遗存堆，足以证明该区域文化资源的异常丰富性。本部分讨论对500处调查遗址的已知属性进行了汇总，包括文化归属、年代序列、遗存与遗物散布类型、地貌类别、物质文化以及岩画遗存特征。