FAIRsFAIR Policy Characterisation Data for D3.1

As part of the EOSC project family the FAIRsFAIR - Fostering Fair Data Practices in Europe - project aims to supply practical solutions for the use of the FAIR data principles throughout the research data life cycle. The FAIRsFAIR project runs from March 2019-February 2022. Policies are a crucial component in the FAIR ecosystem. To this end, FAIRsFAIR Work Package 3 (WP3): FAIR Data Policy and Practice carried out an analysis of the current data policy landscape at various levels (national, funder, publisher, institutional) to provide a snapshot of the situation in 2019 and to identify policy elements that support or hinder FAIR data practice. To provide a comparative baseline for reviewing the data policies of various stakeholders, the priority and supporting actions presented in the <em>Turning FAIR into Reality </em>(TFiR) action plan were employed. To assess how well the policies of different stakeholders currently reflect TFiR’s action plan, we carried out desk research to characterise policies. Based on a review of existing policy characterisation efforts, FAIRsFAIR defined a total of 42 policy features to be reviewed during our landscape assessment. Fourteen of these features were intended to capture information about the policy itself (e.g., title, year of introduction, machine-readability) and 28 policy features were reviewed in relation to the content of the policy. For each of the three stakeholder groups assessed (funders, publishers and HEIs) we reviewed 10-15 data policies to determine how far they currently reflect the stakeholder-specific actions as recommended in TFiR. We limited the number to be reviewed to reflect the time and effort available for this task. To enable us to assess whether a specific policy element had been addressed within a given stakeholder’s policy, a set of related indicators were developed and mapped to the policy features and related TFiR policy actions. The policies selected for analysis as part of the landscape assessment come from stakeholders currently demonstrating a relatively high level of engagement with the FAIR principles. These have been identified through desk research and through the FAIRsFAIR consortium partners’ subject knowledge and related activities. Based on their particular areas of expertise, UGOE identified publishers to be included in the review while SPARC Europe identified funding bodies and EUA identified HEIs. The 42 policies reviewed for this task should not be considered an exhaustive inventory of stakeholders currently engaged with Open Science and the FAIR principles.作为欧洲开放科学云（European Open Science Cloud, EOSC）项目家族的成员，FAIRsFAIR（Fostering Fair Data Practices in Europe，欧洲FAIR数据实践推广项目）旨在为研究数据全生命周期中FAIR数据原则的落地应用提供实用解决方案。该项目实施周期为2019年3月至2022年2月。 政策是FAIR生态系统的核心组成部分。为此，FAIRsFAIR第三工作包（WP3）——“FAIR数据政策与实践”开展了不同层级（国家层面、资助方、出版商、机构层面）的当前数据政策格局分析，梳理了2019年的现状，并识别出支撑或阻碍FAIR数据实践的政策要素。 为构建可用于对比审查各类利益相关方数据政策的基准框架，研究团队采用了《将FAIR原则落地》（Turning FAIR into Reality，简称TFiR）行动计划中提出的优先级与支撑行动。为评估不同利益相关方的政策当前对TFiR行动计划的契合程度，研究团队开展了案头调研以对政策进行特征刻画。 基于对现有政策特征刻画研究的梳理，FAIRsFAIR共确定了42项政策特征，用于本次格局评估中的审查工作。其中14项特征用于采集政策自身的相关信息（如政策标题、出台年份、机器可读性），剩余28项特征则围绕政策内容开展审查。 针对本次评估覆盖的三类利益相关方（资助方、出版商与高等教育机构（Higher Education Institutions, HEIs）），研究团队各审查了10至15项数据政策，以评估其与TFiR中针对该类利益相关方提出的行动建议的契合程度。本次审查的政策数量受限，以适配本次研究的时间与人力投入。 为评估特定政策要素是否已在某利益相关方的政策中得到落实，研究团队开发了一套关联指标，并将其映射至对应政策特征与TFiR相关政策行动。 本次格局评估选取的分析政策，均来自当前对FAIR原则参与度较高的利益相关方。这些政策通过案头调研以及FAIRsFAIR联盟伙伴的学科专长与相关活动筛选得出。基于各自的专业领域，UGOE遴选了本次审查需覆盖的出版商，SPARC Europe遴选了资助机构，欧洲大学协会（European University Association, EUA）则遴选了高等教育机构。 本次研究审查的42项政策，不应被视为当前参与开放科学与FAIR原则的利益相关方的完整清单。