Dataset on microplastic presence, bioconcentration factor and health indices of four commercial fish species in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria

Our research hypothesized microplastic accumulation in fish tissues, probable microplastics bioconcentration factor greater than 1 and subsequent impact on condition factor of the fish species across the dry and wet seasons in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. The data set describes microplastic concentrations in commercially available fish species in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. The bioconcentration factor of microplastics and the health index/condition factor of the fish species were computed using the Microsoft office Excel 2016. This dataset also presents this information across the two major seasons experienced in Nigeria: the dry and the wet seasons.
128 fish samples were collected from four different sampling points during the dry and wet seasons. Microplastics were isolated from fish tissues and were analysed for the identification of different polymer types. Condition factor of the fish species were analysed using the formula: 100 ×weight/(Length^3 ). Bioconcentration factor of microplastics in each species was calculated as: (Concentration of microplastics in fish tissue)/(Concentration of microplastics in water).
Microplastics were isolated from the fish tissues by tissue digestion in potassium hydroxide (1:4, w/v) with incubation in 40 ℃ for 3 days and extracted by ultrafiltration. Extracted microplastics were identified using the Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer. The health index/condition factor of the fish species and bioconcentration factor of microplastics were computed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2016.
The importance of this data set is that provides an insight into the presence of microplastics in the visceral tissues and subsequent health indices of four commercial fish species in the Lagos Lagoon. Furthermore, ecotoxicologists and environmental protection agencies will find the data useful for toxicological studies on edible fish species exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastics. This data set is useful for further safety investigations into the risks posed to the physiological functions of aquatic organisms due to microplastic ingestion.

本研究提出如下假说：在尼日利亚拉各斯潟湖的旱季与雨季中，鱼类组织内存在微塑料（microplastic）累积，其微塑料生物浓缩因子（bioconcentration factor）大概率大于1，且会对该水域鱼类的肥满度指数（condition factor）产生影响。本数据集记录了尼日利亚拉各斯潟湖市售鱼类的微塑料浓度。研究采用Microsoft Office Excel 2016软件计算了微塑料生物浓缩因子以及受试鱼类的健康指数/肥满度指数。本数据集同时涵盖了尼日利亚两大季节——旱季与雨季的相关观测数据。

本研究在旱季与雨季期间，从4个不同采样点共采集128尾鱼类样本。研究人员从鱼类组织中分离微塑料，并对不同聚合物类型进行鉴定。鱼类肥满度指数采用如下公式计算：100 × 体重/(体长³)。各物种的微塑料生物浓缩因子计算公式为：(鱼类组织内微塑料浓度)/(水体中微塑料浓度)。

微塑料的分离流程为：将鱼组织置于氢氧化钾溶液（质量体积比1:4）中进行消解，于40℃下孵育3天，随后通过超滤法提取微塑料。提取得到的微塑料采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer）进行鉴定。前述鱼类健康指数/肥满度指数及微塑料生物浓缩因子均通过Microsoft Office Excel 2016软件完成计算。

本数据集的价值在于，可为拉各斯潟湖4种市售鱼类的内脏组织中微塑料的存在情况及其健康指数变化提供研究视角。此外，生态毒理学家与环境保护机构可利用本数据集，针对暴露于环境相关浓度微塑料的食用鱼类开展毒理学研究。本数据集同时可为探究微塑料摄入对水生生物生理功能造成的风险提供进一步安全调查的依据。