Bioregional_Assessment_Programme_Catchment Scale Land Use of Australia - 2014

## **Abstract** \n\nThis dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.\n\n\n\nThis dataset is the most current national compilation of catchment scale land use data for Australia (CLUM), as at March 2014. It is a seamless raster dataset that combines land use data for all state and territory jurisdictions, compiled at a resolution of 50 metres by 50 metres. It has been compiled from vector land use datasets collected as part of state and territory mapping programs through the Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP). Catchment scale land use data was produced by combining land tenure and other types of land use information, fine-scale satellite data and information collected in the field. The date of mapping (1997 to 2012) and scale of mapping (1:25 000 to 1:250 000) vary, reflecting the source data capture date and scale. This information is provided in a supporting polygon dataset.\n\n\n\nThe CLUM data shows a single dominant land use for a given area, based on the primary management objective of the land manager (as identified by state and territory agencies). Land use is classified according to the Australian Land Use and Management (ALUM) Classification version 7, a three-tiered hierarchical structure. There are five primary classes, identified in order of increasing levels of intervention or potential impact on the natural landscape. Water is included separately as a sixth primary class. Primary and secondary levels relate to the principal land use. Tertiary classes may include additional information on commodity groups, specific commodities, land management practices or vegetation information. The primary, secondary and tertiary codes work together to provide increasing levels of detail about the land use. Land may be subject to a number of concurrent land uses. For example, while the main management objective of a multiple-use production forest may be timber production, it may also provide conservation, recreation, grazing and water catchment land uses. In these cases, production forestry is commonly identified in the ALUM code as the prime land use.\n\n\n\nThe operational scales of catchment scale mapping vary according to the intensity of land use activities and landscape context. Scales range from 1:10 000 and 1:25 000 for irrigated and peri-urban areas, to 1:100 000 for broadacre cropping regions and 1:250 000 for the semi-arid and arid pastoral zone. The date of mapping generally reflects the intensity of land use. The most current mapping occurs in intensive agricultural areas; older mapping generally occurs in the semi-arid and pastoral zones.The primary classes of land use in the ALUM Classification are: \n\n\n\nConservation and natural environments-land used primarily for conservation purposes, based on maintaining the essentially natural ecosystems present; \n\nProduction from relatively natural environments-land used mainly for primary production with limited change to the native vegetation; \n\nProduction from dryland agriculture and plantations-land used mainly for primary production based on dryland farming systems; \n\nProduction from irrigated agriculture and plantations-land used mostly for primary production based on irrigated farming;\n\nIntensive uses-land subject to extensive modification, generally in association with closer residential settlement, commercial or industrial uses;\n\nWater-water features (water is regarded as an essential aspect of the classification, even though it is primarily a land cover type, not a land use).\n\nThe following areas have been updated since the November 2012 release: the entire state of Victoria; Queensland natural resource management regions Border Rivers-Maranoa, Condamine, South East Queensland (part), and South West Queensland.\n\n## **Purpose** \n\nLand use information is critical to developing sustainable long-term solutions for natural resource management, and is used to underpin investment decisions. Users include local government, catchment authorities, emergency services, quarantine and pest management authorities, industry and community groups. Landscape processes involving soils and water generally operate at catchment scale. Land use information at catchment scale therefore has an important role to play in developing effective solutions to Australia's natural resource management issues.\n\n## **Dataset History** \n\nLineage:\n\nABARES has produced this raster dataset from vector catchment scale land use data provided by state and territory agencies, as follows: Land Use: New South Wales (2009); Land Use Mapping of the Northern Territory 2008 (LUMP 2008); Land use mapping - Queensland current (January 2014); Land Use South Australia 2008; Tasmanian Summer 2009/2010 Land Use; Victorian Land Use Information System (VLUIS) 2010 version 4; Land Use in Western Australia, Version 5, (1997); and, Land Use in Western Australia, v7 (2008). Links to land use mapping datasets and metadata are available at the ACLUMP data download page at http://www.daff.gov.au/abares/aclump/pages/land-use/data-download.aspx State and territory vector catchment scale land use data were produced by combining land tenure and other types of land use information, fine-scale satellite data and information collected in the field, as outlined in the document 'Guidelines for land use mapping in Australia: principles, procedures and definitions, Edition 4'. Specifically, the attributes adhere to the ALUM classification, version 7. For Victoria, ABARES converted the VLUIS vector data to the ALUM classification, based on an agreed method using Valuer General Victoria land use codes, land cover and land tenure information. This method has been updated since the previous release. All contributing polygon datasets were gridded by ABARES on the ALUM code and mosaiced to minimise resampling errors. NODATA voids in Sydney, Adelaide and parts of the Australian Capital Territory were filled with Australian Bureau of Statistics Mesh blocks land use attributes with modifications based on: 1:250 000 scale topographic data for built up areas from GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 3 (Geoscience Australia 2006); land tenure data from Tenure of Australia's Forests (ABARES 2008); and, native and plantation forest data from Forests of Australia (ABARES 2008). All other NODATA voids were filled using data from Land Use of Australia, Version 4, 2005/2006 (ABARES 2010).\n\n\n\nLand use mapped should be regarded as a REPRESENTATION of land use only. The CLUM data shows a single dominant land use for each area mapped, even if multiple land uses occur within that area. The CLUM data is produced from datasets compiled for various dates from 1997 to 2012. The CLUM data is produced from datasets compiled at various scales from 1:25 000 to 1:2 500 000\n\n## **Dataset Citation** \n\nAustralian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (2014) Bioregional_Assessment_Programme_Catchment Scale Land Use of Australia - 2014. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 13 March 2019, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/6f72f73c-8a61-4ae9-b8b5-3f67ec918826.

## 摘要

本数据集及其元数据声明由第三方提供给生物区域评估计划（Bioregional Assessment Programme），并按原始提供的形式在此呈现。

本数据集为截至2014年3月的澳大利亚最新全国性集水区尺度土地利用数据集（Catchment Scale Land Use of Australia，简称CLUM）。该数据集为无缝栅格数据集，整合了澳大利亚所有州和领地辖区的土地利用数据，分辨率为50米×50米。其数据源自澳大利亚协同土地利用与管理计划（Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program, ACLUMP）下辖的州及领地测绘项目所采集的矢量土地利用数据集。集水区尺度土地利用数据通过整合土地权属及其他类型土地利用信息、高分辨率卫星数据与野外采集信息生成。测绘日期（1997年至2012年）与测绘比例尺（1:25000至1:250000）存在差异，这反映了源数据的采集日期与比例尺。相关信息可在配套的多边形数据集中获取。

CLUM数据集基于土地管理者（由州及领地机构认定）的主要管理目标，为指定区域显示单一主导土地利用类型。土地利用分类采用澳大利亚土地利用与管理分类（Australian Land Use and Management Classification, ALUM）第7版，该分类为三级层级结构。按对自然景观的干预程度或潜在影响由低到高排序，共设有5个一级类别，另将水体单独列为第六个一级类别。一级与二级类别对应主要土地利用类型，三级类别可包含商品类别、特定商品、土地管理措施或植被信息等额外内容。一级、二级与三级代码协同提供逐步细化的土地利用细节信息。土地可能存在多种并行的土地利用方式，例如，多用途生产林的主要管理目标为木材生产，但同时也可提供生态保护、休闲、放牧与水源涵养等土地利用功能。在此类场景下，林业生产通常会作为ALUM代码中的首要土地利用类型。

集水区尺度测绘的作业比例尺随土地利用活动强度与景观背景而异。灌溉区域与城市周边地区的测绘比例尺为1:10000至1:25000，大田作物种植区为1:100000，半干旱与干旱牧业区则为1:250000。测绘日期通常与土地利用强度相关：集约农业区的测绘数据最新，而半干旱与牧业区的测绘数据普遍较旧。

ALUM分类下的一级土地利用类别如下：

1. 保护与自然环境：主要用于生态保护，以维持现有基本自然生态系统为目标；
2. 相对自然环境下的生产：主要开展初级生产，且对原生植被的改变程度有限；
3. 旱地农业与人工林生产：主要基于旱地耕作系统开展初级生产；
4. 灌溉农业与人工林生产：主要基于灌溉耕作系统开展初级生产；
5. 集约利用：土地被大幅改造，通常与高密度住宅定居、商业或工业用途相关；
6. 水体：水体地貌（尽管水体本质上属于土地覆盖类型而非土地利用类型，但仍被视为分类中的必要组成部分）。

自2012年11月发布以来，以下区域已完成更新：整个维多利亚州；昆士兰州的自然资源管理区域：边境河流-马拉诺阿（Border Rivers-Maranoa）、康达迈恩（Condamine）、昆士兰州东南部（部分区域）以及昆士兰州西南部。

## 用途

土地利用信息对于制定自然资源管理的可持续长期解决方案至关重要，可作为投资决策的基础。其用户群体包括地方政府、集水区管理机构、应急服务部门、检疫与有害生物管理机构、行业从业者与社区团体。涉及土壤与水体的景观过程通常以集水区为尺度运行，因此集水区尺度的土地利用信息在解决澳大利亚自然资源管理问题方面具有重要作用。

## 数据集历史

### 谱系

澳大利亚农业与资源经济科学局（Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, ABARES）根据各州及领地机构提供的矢量集水区尺度土地利用数据生成了本栅格数据集，具体源数据如下：新南威尔士州土地利用数据（2009年）；北领地2008年土地利用测绘项目（LUMP 2008）；昆士兰州最新土地利用数据（2014年1月）；南澳大利亚州2008年土地利用数据；塔斯马尼亚州2009/2010夏季土地利用数据；维多利亚州土地利用信息系统（Victorian Land Use Information System, VLUIS）2010年第4版；西澳大利亚州土地利用数据第5版（1997年）；以及西澳大利亚州土地利用数据第7版（2008年）。相关土地利用测绘数据集与元数据的链接可通过ACLUMP数据下载页面获取：http://www.daff.gov.au/abares/aclump/pages/land-use/data-download.aspx。

各州及领地的矢量集水区尺度土地利用数据通过整合土地权属及其他类型土地利用信息、高分辨率卫星数据与野外采集信息生成，具体方法详见《澳大利亚土地利用测绘指南：原则、程序与定义 第4版》。具体而言，数据属性遵循ALUM分类第7版。针对维多利亚州，ABARES采用基于维多利亚州评估总署土地利用代码、土地覆盖与土地权属信息的统一方法，将VLUIS矢量数据转换为ALUM分类体系，该方法自上一版本发布以来已完成更新。

所有贡献的多边形数据集均由ABARES基于ALUM代码进行栅格化处理，并通过镶嵌操作以最大限度减少重采样误差。悉尼、阿德莱德及澳大利亚首都领地部分区域的无数据（NODATA）空洞采用澳大利亚统计局网格区块土地利用属性进行填充，填充依据包括：来自GEODATA TOPO 250K Series 3（澳大利亚地球科学局2006年）的建成区1:250000比例尺地形数据；来自《澳大利亚森林权属》（ABARES 2008年）的土地权属数据；以及来自《澳大利亚森林》（ABARES 2008年）的原生林与人工林数据。其余所有无数据空洞均采用2005/2006年版《澳大利亚土地利用》第4版（ABARES 2010年）的数据进行填充。

需注意，所测绘的土地利用信息仅为土地利用现状的代表性呈现。CLUM数据集为每个测绘区域显示单一主导土地利用类型，即便该区域内存在多种土地利用方式。CLUM数据集的源数据采集日期范围为1997年至2012年，测绘比例尺范围为1:25000至1:2500000。

## 数据集引用

澳大利亚农业与资源经济科学局（2014） 生物区域评估计划_澳大利亚集水区尺度土地利用数据集 - 2014。生物区域评估源数据集。查阅日期：2019年3月13日，http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/6f72f73c-8a61-4ae9-b8b5-3f67ec918826。