IMPROVING MECHANISMS FOR THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF APPLIED RESEARCH BASED ON THE "ENTERPRISE–UNIVERSITY–RESEARCH INSTITUTION" CLUSTER MODEL IN UZBEKISTAN

This article examines issues related to improving the mechanisms for the commercialization of applied research results based on the “enterprise–higher education institution–research organization” cluster model, in line with the priority areas of innovative development defined in the “Uzbekistan – 2030” Strategy. The Strategy identifies enhancing the competitiveness of the national economy through strengthening the integration of science, education and the real sector as a key objective and this study is specifically devoted to the scientific and practical solutions addressing these tasks. Within the scope of the research, both theoretical and practical aspects of integrating scientific developments into production processes in the context of an innovation-driven economy are analyzed. The institutional structure of the cluster model, interaction mechanisms among stakeholders and their impact on the effectiveness of innovation activities are assessed. In accordance with the objectives of the “Uzbekistan – 2030” Strategy, the article proposes practical recommendations aimed at developing technology transfer offices, strengthening public–private partnerships within cluster structures and improving financing mechanisms for startups and innovative projects. The research results have significant scientific and practical relevance for enhancing innovation policy, ensuring the effective utilization of scientific potential and increasing the competitiveness of the national economy.本文围绕《“乌兹别克斯坦——2030”战略》中明确的创新发展优先方向，探讨基于‘企业-高等院校-科研机构’集群模式（enterprise–higher education institution–research organization cluster model）完善应用研究成果商业化机制的相关议题。该战略将通过强化科学、教育与实体经济的融合提升国民经济竞争力作为核心目标，而本研究正是专门针对上述任务提出科学与实践解决方案。在本研究范围内，本文分析了创新驱动型经济（innovation-driven economy）背景下，将科研成果融入生产流程的理论与实践层面问题，并评估了该集群模式的制度架构、利益相关方（stakeholders）间的互动机制及其对创新活动效能的影响。 结合《“乌兹别克斯坦——2030”战略》的目标，本文提出了一系列实践建议，旨在发展技术转移办公室（technology transfer offices）、强化集群结构内的公私合作伙伴关系（public–private partnerships），以及完善初创企业与创新项目的融资机制。本研究成果对于优化创新政策、保障科研潜力的有效利用以及提升国民经济竞争力，具有重要的科学与实践价值。