Training aimed at the development of power and physical performance of futsal players

Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of a training period aimed at the development of lower limb power and physical performance of futsal players. The sample consisted of 10 futsal players from a professional team aged 23.70 ± 5.85 years, 72.33 ± 6.01 kg and 174.40 ± 0.05 cm. Players were monitored for a period of 4 training weeks, corresponding to the beginning of the competitive period. During this period, physical training sought to improve lower limb power. At the beginning and end of the training period, the following tests were performed: Squat jump (SJ), Countermovement jump (CMJ), 15-meter speed(Vel_15m) and Futsal Intermittent Endurance Test (FIET).The training load was monitored by the Session Perceived Exertion method.Weeks 1 and 3 presented higher training load than weeks 2 and 4 (p <0.01). In the post-training period, shorter running time in the Vel_15m test (p = 0.04), greater height in SJ (p <0.01) and CMJ (p <0.01) tests, and higher maximal speed in FIET (p = 0.04) were observed. It could be concluded that directing training at the beginning of the competitive season to improve power increases the lower limb power of futsal players, with consequent improvement of speed and the ability to perform intermittent actions at high intensities.

摘要 本研究旨在探究针对五人制足球运动员下肢爆发力与运动表现的训练周期的作用效果。本研究的样本为某职业五人制足球队的10名运动员，其年龄为23.70±5.85岁，体重72.33±6.01kg，身高174.40±0.05cm。研究人员对该批运动员开展了为期4周的训练监测，该周期对应赛事赛季的开赛初期。此阶段的体能训练以提升下肢爆发力为核心目标。在训练周期的起始与结束阶段，分别开展以下测试：蹲跳测试（Squat Jump, SJ）、反向跳测试（Countermovement Jump, CMJ）、15米跑速度测试（Vel_15m）以及五人制足球间歇耐力测试（Futsal Intermittent Endurance Test, FIET）。训练负荷采用会话自觉用力程度法（Session Perceived Exertion）进行监测。数据显示，第1、3周的训练负荷显著高于第2、4周（p<0.01）。训练后阶段，运动员在15米跑速度测试中的用时更短（p=0.04）、蹲跳与反向跳测试的跳跃高度更高（p<0.01），且五人制足球间歇耐力测试的最大速度更高（p=0.04）。综上，在赛季开赛初期开展针对性的爆发力提升训练，可有效增强五人制足球运动员的下肢爆发力，并同步改善其跑动速度与高强度间歇动作的完成能力。