Genome mining for ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) in <i>Streptomyces</i> bacteria

Ribosomally synthesized post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a novel category of bioactive natural products (NPs). <i>Streptomyces</i> bacteria are a potential source of many bioactive NPs. Limited opportunities are available to characterize all the bioactive NP gene clusters. In this study, 410 sequences of <i>Streptomyces</i> were analyzed for RiPPs through genome mining using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), by combining BAGEL and anti-SMASH. A total of 4098 RiPPs were found; including both classified (lanthipeptide, RiPP-like, bacteriocin, LAPs, lassopeptide, thiopeptides) and nonclassified RiPPs. Soil was identified as a rich habitat for RiPPs. These data may offer alternative future remedies for various health issues.