Copper-slag packed-bed TES - temperature measurements

This dataset contains temperature profiles measured during charging and discharging cycles of two packed-bed thermal energy storage (PBTES) configurations: an axial (A-PBTES) and a radial (R-PBTES) system. Both systems employ Chilean copper slag as the thermal storage medium and air as the heat transfer fluid (HTF). The A1 experiment corresponds to the axial configuration charged at 150 °C for 1.5 h, while the R4 experiment corresponds to the radial configuration charged at 300 °C for 3.0 h. The data show the spatiotemporal temperature evolution within each packed bed, captured by type-K thermocouples placed at different heights in the axial case and at multiple radial and axial positions in the radial case. These temperature fields illustrate the formation and movement of thermal fronts (thermoclines) during charging and discharging, allowing assessment of thermal stratification, energy storage capacity, and round-trip efficiency. In the axial configuration (A1), a clear thermocline develops along the flow direction, indicating effective stratification and a high recovery efficiency of approximately 93%. In the radial configuration (R4), higher temperatures occur near the core, resulting in a self-insulating effect and an energy recovery rate of approximately 74%. These datasets are valuable for validating heat-transfer and porous-media models for packed-bed systems, benchmarking computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or reduced-order simulations, and supporting the design optimization of thermal energy storage units that employ granular materials and industrial by-products.

本数据集收录了两种填充床式热能存储（packed-bed thermal energy storage, PBTES）构型在充放电循环过程中的实测温度剖面：分别为轴向式填充床热能存储（axial PBTES, A-PBTES）与径向式填充床热能存储（radial PBTES, R-PBTES）。两套系统均以智利铜渣作为储热介质，以空气作为传热流体（heat transfer fluid, HTF）。实验A1对应轴向构型，在150 ℃条件下充能1.5小时；实验R4对应径向构型，在300 ℃条件下充能3.0小时。实验数据由K型热电偶采集得到：轴向构型中，热电偶布置于不同高度位置；径向构型中，热电偶则布置于多个径向与轴向位置，以此记录各填充床内部的时空温度演化过程。上述温度场可直观呈现充放电过程中热前沿（温跃层，thermoclines）的形成与移动规律，进而用于评估热分层效果、储热容量以及往返效率。在轴向构型（A1）中，沿流动方向形成了清晰的温跃层，表明其热分层效果优异，能量回收效率约为93%。在径向构型（R4）中，核心区域温度更高，形成自保温效应，能量回收率约为74%。本数据集可用于验证填充床系统的传热与多孔介质模型、为计算流体动力学（computational fluid dynamics, CFD）仿真或降阶模拟提供基准测试支撑，同时可助力采用颗粒材料与工业副产物的热能存储装置的设计优化。