Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 on inflammatory reaction and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cell. Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 on inflammatory reaction and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cell

Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1) has been reported to diminish inflammation associated with diseases. We investigated the effect of G-Rb1 on the inflammatory reactions and the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). G-Rb1 affected the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, as these showed reduced levels with exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, less mRNA and protein expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were shown. G-Rb1 suppressed the LPS-induced increase of cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines, while also inhibiting PI3K/Akt, phosphorylation of NF-κB transcription factors, ERK and JNK of MAPK signaling in hDPCs. Overall design: Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) treated with 10 μg/mL of G-Rb1 for 5 days, hDPCs cultivated in alpha minimum essential medium (α-MEM) for 5 days, and untreated hDPCs were analyzed using RNA-seq.