Social Data Commons: Social Vulnerability Index (v3.0.0)

Overview CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index computed from ACS 5-year estimates. Ranks tracts/counties on 16 social factors across 4 themes using the 2022 SVI methodology (percentile ranking within region). This dataset is produced by the Social Data Commons at the University of Virginia as part of the Social Vulnerability Index data pipeline. Provenance Computed from ACS 5-year estimates using the CDC/ATSDR SVI 2022 methodology. Sixteen social factors from ACS tables (B/S/DP) are converted to percentages, percentile-ranked within the region (VA or NCR), summed by theme, and re-ranked. Uses B-table variables (B03002, B09001, B11012, B18101) for cross-year stability instead of DP05/DP02 which renumber across ACS vintages. Validated against CDC SVI 2020 at r>0.998 for all themes. Coverage Temporal coverage: 2020–2024 (ACS 5-year estimates) Geographic levels: County, Tract Coverage areas: National Capital Region (DC metro), Virginia (statewide) Methodology The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) is a composite measure that ranks census tracts on their relative vulnerability to public health emergencies and natural disasters. It integrates 16 social factors from U.S. Census data across four themes: socioeconomic status, household characteristics, racial and ethnic minority status, and housing type and transportation. Communities with high SVI scores face greater challenges in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from hazardous events. The index helps public health officials and emergency planners direct resources to populations most likely to need support during crises. The socioeconomic status theme of the Social Vulnerability Index captures community-level economic disadvantage using Census indicators such as poverty rate, unemployment, per capita income, and educational attainment. Tracts with high socioeconomic vulnerability face compounding disadvantages that limit residents ability to prepare for and recover from emergencies. Economic hardship restricts access to transportation, healthcare, and safe housing during disaster events. This theme is one of four components that contribute to the overall SVI score. The household characteristics theme of the Social Vulnerability Index measures demographic factors that increase vulnerability, including the proportion of residents aged 65 and older, aged 17 and under, with disabilities, and single-parent households. These populations often require additional assistance during evacuations and have specialized medical or caregiving needs that complicate disaster response. High scores on this theme indicate communities where a larger share of residents may be unable to shelter in place or evacuate independently. This theme is one of four components that contribute to the overall SVI score. The racial and ethnic minority status theme of the Social Vulnerability Index captures the proportion of residents who identify as racial or ethnic minorities and those with limited English proficiency. Historical patterns of residential segregation and disinvestment mean that minority communities often face disproportionate exposure to environmental hazards and reduced access to emergency resources. Language barriers can further impede receipt of evacuation warnings and access to recovery assistance. This theme is one of four components that contribute to the overall SVI score. The housing type and transportation theme of the Social Vulnerability Index measures structural vulnerability through indicators such as multi-unit housing, mobile homes, crowding, lack of vehicle access, and group quarters populations. Residents in multi-unit or mobile housing face heightened risks during natural disasters, while those without vehicles may be unable to evacuate. Crowded living conditions can accelerate disease transmission during public health emergencies. This theme is one of four components that contribute to the overall SVI score. Source Tables ACS 5-Year Estimates (S1701, S2503, S2701, S0101, S0601, DP03, DP04, B03002, B09001, B11012, B16005, B18101, B26001) Measures (5) vi_overall: Social Vulnerability Index (mean, unit: index score) The Social Vulnerability Index comprised of four themes. vi_socioeconomic: Social Vulnerability Index (Socioeconomic Status) (mean, unit: index score) Socioeconomic status theme for calculating Social Vulnerability Index. vi_household: Social Vulnerability Index (Housing characteristics) (mean, unit: index score) Housing characteristics index theme for calculating Social Vulnerability Index. vi_race_ethnicity: Social Vulnerability Index (Racial & ethnic minority status) (mean, unit: index score) Racial & ethnic minority status theme for calculating Social Vulnerability Index. vi_housing_transportation: Social Vulnerability Index (Housing type & transportation) (mean, unit: index score) Housing type & transportation theme for calculating Social Vulnerability Index. Data Sources American Community Survey / CDC ATSDR SVI Methodology (accessed 2026) File Format Data files are provided as CSVs (.csv) with the following columns: geoid, region_type, region_name, year, measure, value, moe (margin of error, where available). Larger files are provided as xz-compressed CSVs (.csv.xz).概述 本数据集基于美国社区调查（American Community Survey, ACS）5年估算数据，计算得到美国疾病控制与预防中心/美国有毒物质和疾病登记署（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, CDC/ATSDR）社会脆弱性指数（Social Vulnerability Index, SVI）。该数据集采用2022年SVI方法论（区域内百分位排名法），基于4大主题下的16项社会因子对普查街区与县进行排名。本数据集由弗吉尼亚大学社会数据共享平台作为社会脆弱性指数数据处理流程的一部分产出。 数据溯源 本数据集基于ACS 5年估算数据，采用CDC/ATSDR 2022年SVI方法论计算得到。从ACS表格（B、S、DP系列）提取的16项社会因子将被转换为占比形式，在区域（弗吉尼亚州Virginia, VA或国家首都区National Capital Region, NCR）内进行百分位排名，按主题求和后再次进行百分位排名。为保证跨年份稳定性，本数据集使用B系列表格变量（B03002、B09001、B11012、B18101），而非随ACS版本迭代会重新编号的DP05与DP02变量。经与CDC 2020年SVI数据集验证，所有主题的相关系数均大于0.998。 覆盖范围 - 时间覆盖范围：2020年至2024年（ACS 5年估算数据） - 地理层级：县、普查街区 - 覆盖区域：国家首都区（华盛顿都会区）、弗吉尼亚州全域 方法论 社会脆弱性指数（SVI）是一项综合衡量指标，用于对普查街区在公共卫生突发事件与自然灾害中的相对脆弱性进行排名。该指数整合了美国人口普查数据中4大主题下的16项社会因子：社会经济地位、家庭特征、种族与族裔少数群体状况、住房类型与交通状况。SVI得分较高的社区在应对、响应及从灾害事件中恢复时面临更大挑战，可帮助公共卫生官员与应急规划人员将资源导向危机中最需要支持的人群。 ## 社会经济地位主题 该主题通过贫困率、失业率、人均收入与受教育程度等人口普查指标衡量社区层面的经济劣势。社会经济脆弱性较高的街区会面临多重劣势，限制居民为灾害做准备与灾后恢复的能力。经济困难会阻碍灾害期间居民获取交通、医疗服务与安全住房的渠道。该主题是构成整体SVI得分的四大组成部分之一。 ## 家庭特征主题 该主题衡量会加剧脆弱性的人口统计因子，包括65岁及以上、17岁及以下、残障人口占比与单亲家庭占比。这类群体在疏散过程中通常需要额外援助，且存在特殊医疗或护理需求，会使灾害响应复杂化。该主题得分较高表明社区中有更大比例的居民无法就地避难或独立完成疏散。该主题是构成整体SVI得分的四大组成部分之一。 ## 种族与族裔少数群体状况主题 该主题统计了自认为属于种族或族裔少数群体以及英语能力有限的居民占比。历史上的居住隔离与投资不足模式意味着少数群体社区往往面临不成比例的环境危害暴露风险，且获取应急资源的渠道更少。语言障碍会进一步阻碍居民接收疏散预警与获取灾后援助。该主题是构成整体SVI得分的四大组成部分之一。 ## 住房类型与交通状况主题 该主题通过多户住宅、移动住房、居住拥挤、无车情况以及集体住宿人口等指标衡量结构脆弱性。居住在多户住宅或移动住房中的居民在自然灾害中面临更高风险，而无车居民可能无法完成疏散。拥挤的居住条件会在公共卫生突发事件中加速疾病传播。该主题是构成整体SVI得分的四大组成部分之一。 源表格 美国社区调查5年估算数据（表格编号：S1701、S2503、S2701、S0101、S0601、DP03、DP04、B03002、B09001、B11012、B16005、B18101、B26001） 指标（共5项） 1. vi_overall：社会脆弱性指数（均值，单位：指数得分）——由四大主题整合而成的综合社会脆弱性指数。 2. vi_socioeconomic：社会脆弱性指数（社会经济地位维度，均值，单位：指数得分）——用于计算SVI的社会经济地位主题指数。 3. vi_household：社会脆弱性指数（家庭特征维度，均值，单位：指数得分）——用于计算SVI的家庭特征主题指数。 4. vi_race_ethnicity：社会脆弱性指数（种族与族裔少数群体状况维度，均值，单位：指数得分）——用于计算SVI的种族与族裔少数群体状况主题指数。 5. vi_housing_transportation：社会脆弱性指数（住房类型与交通状况维度，均值，单位：指数得分）——用于计算SVI的住房类型与交通状况主题指数。 数据来源 美国社区调查（ACS）、CDC/ATSDR SVI方法论（2026年获取） 文件格式 数据文件以CSV格式（.csv）提供，包含以下字段：geoid、region_type、region_name、year、measure、value、moe（边际误差，若可获取）。较大文件将以xz压缩CSV格式（.csv.xz）提供。