Environmental variables of a glacier-fed stream in South Tyrol, Italy (2016-2022)

A set of environmental variables have been collected for a period of 7 consecutive years (2016-2022, from April/May to September/October, during the glacial melting season) along a longitudinal transect of the Saldur stream, a near pristine glacier-fed stream located in South Tyrol, Italy (46°N, 10° E), part of the International Long Term Ecological Research (ILTER) network (site code: LTER_EU_IT_100). From year 2016 on, a small run-of-river (ROR) hydropower plant (max. 3,200 kW/year) started to operate on the stream, located in close proximity to site Saldur_2A. The potential impact on the riverine ecosystem was largely investigated, and resulted to be negligible. Extensive details on this topic can be found reading the scientific publications: Scotti et al. (2022; doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.902603) and Scotti et al. (2022; doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.904547).
The environmental variables measured (as spot-measurement) were: suspended solids (mL/L); specific conductance at 25° C (mS/cm), water temperature (°C), calculation of the bottom component of the Pfankuch index. Whilst only in 2018 turbidity (NFU) was measured instead of suspended solids, and all the measurements were conducted using a multiparameter meter (HI9829, Hanna Instruments), for all the remaining years suspended solids were measured after 30 minutes of water sedimentation in a Imhoff cone, and specific conductance through a portable conductimeter (Cond 7, XS Instruments). More methodological details can be found in Scotti & Bottarin (2021; doi:10.1038/s41597-021-00887-x).

本数据集采集了意大利南蒂罗尔（South Tyrol）境内萨尔杜尔溪（Saldur stream）沿纵向断面的环境变量数据，采样周期为连续7年（2016-2022年），采样时段为每年的冰川消融季，即4/5月至9/10月。该溪流为近乎原始的冰川补给溪流，地理坐标为46°N、10°E，隶属于国际长期生态研究（International Long Term Ecological Research, ILTER）网络，站点编码为LTER_EU_IT_100。2016年起，紧邻Saldur_2A站点的河段投产了一座小型径流式（run-of-river, ROR）水电站，额定最大容量为3200 kW/年。针对该水电站对河流生态系统的潜在影响已开展全面研究，结果显示其影响可忽略不计。相关详细研究内容可参阅以下两篇学术文献：Scotti等（2022；doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.902603）及Scotti等（2022；doi:10.3389/fenvs.2022.904547）。本次采用现场瞬时测定（spot-measurement）的环境指标包括：悬浮固体浓度（mL/L）、25℃下的比电导率（mS/cm）、水温（℃）以及潘富克指数（Pfankuch index）底栖组分计算值。仅2018年以浊度（NFU）替代悬浮固体进行测定。所有测定工作均采用多参数水质分析仪（HI9829，哈纳仪器）完成；其余年份的悬浮固体浓度均通过伊姆霍夫锥形瓶（Imhoff cone）静置沉降30分钟后测定，比电导率则使用便携式电导仪（Cond 7，XS Instruments）测定。相关方法学详细信息可参阅Scotti与Bottarin（2021；doi:10.1038/s41597-021-00887-x）。