Raw Data for the article: Analysis of the Specific Immune Response after the Third Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Organ Transplant Recipients: Possible Spike-S1 Reactive IgA Signature in Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Infection

<strong>Background:</strong> Several studies have indicated that anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations are less effective in inducing robust immune responses among solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) compared with the immunocompetent. The third dose of vaccine in SOTRs showed promising results of immunogenicity, even though clinical studies have suggested that immunocompromised subjects are less likely to build a protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2 resulting in lower vaccine efficacy for the prevention of severe COVID-19. <strong>Methods:</strong> Serological IgG and IgA were analyzed through CLIA or ELISA, respectively, while Spike-specific T cells were detected by ELISpot assay after the second and third dose of vaccine in 43 SOTRs. <strong>Results:</strong> The third dose induced an improvement in antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. We also reported a strong correlation between specific humoral and cellular responses after the third dose, even though we did not see significant changes in the magnitude of the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response. SOTRs who contracted the SARS-CoV-2 infection after the third dose, despite eliciting a positive IgG response, failed to mount an anti-Spike-S1 IgA response, both after the third dose and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> We can conclude that serum IgA detection can be helpful, along with IgG detection, for the evaluation of vaccine efficacy, principally in fragile subjects at high risk of infection.<strong>背景：</strong>多项研究表明，与免疫功能正常人群相比，抗严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）mRNA疫苗在实体器官移植受者（solid organ transplant recipients, SOTRs）体内诱导强劲免疫应答的效果更差。尽管临床研究显示，免疫功能低下人群更难产生针对SARS-CoV-2的保护性免疫应答，进而导致疫苗预防重型新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的效力降低，但在SOTRs中接种第三剂疫苗展现出了颇具前景的免疫原性结果。 <strong>方法：</strong>本研究对43名SOTRs在接种第二剂和第三剂疫苗后的血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）与免疫球蛋白A（IgA）分别采用化学发光免疫分析法（CLIA）与酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行检测，同时通过酶联免疫斑点试验（ELISpot）检测刺突蛋白特异性T细胞。 <strong>结果：</strong>第三剂疫苗可改善机体针对SARS-CoV-2的抗体应答。本研究还发现，第三剂疫苗接种后，特异性体液免疫与细胞免疫应答之间存在显著相关性，尽管未观察到SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞应答的强度出现明显变化。在第三剂疫苗接种后感染SARS-CoV-2的SOTRs中，尽管体内检测到了阳性IgG应答，但无论在第三剂疫苗接种后还是感染SARS-CoV-2后，均未产生抗刺突蛋白S1亚单位的IgA应答。 <strong>结论：</strong>本研究认为，血清IgA检测与IgG检测联合应用，可辅助评估疫苗效力，尤其适用于感染高风险的脆弱人群。