SRE4 Effects of hydrocarbons on Antarctic Marine Sediment Ecosystems - SRE4_HydrocarbonChemistry

Sediment Recruitment Experiment 4 (SRE4) was a large, long term (5 year) field experiment run at Casey Station (from 2001 to 2006) testing the effects of 4 different hydrocarbons on marine sediment ecosystems. Four different types of hydrocarbons were individually mixed with defaunated marine sediments and deployed in trays on the seabed at O'Brien Bay-1. Trays were collected after deployment periods of 5 weeks, 56 weeks, 62 weeks, 2 years and 5 years. In addition there was a bioturbation treatment using the burrowing urchin Abatus (at 56 weeks only). Samples were collected from 4 replicate trays of each treatment at each sampling time. Analyses were done of sediment hydrocarbon chemistry, microbial communities, meiofaunal communities, macrofaunal communities and diatom communities. The hydrocarbon treatments were: a synthetic Mobil lubricating oil; the same Mobil lubricating oil after 125 hours use in a vehicle engine; a Fuchs synthetic lubricating oil marketed as highly biodegradable; and Special Antarctic Blend diesel fuel (SAB). A control uncontaminated sediment treatment was used for comparison.

沉积物招募实验4（Sediment Recruitment Experiment 4，SRE4）是一项大规模长期（为期5年）野外实验，于2001年至2006年间在凯西站（Casey Station）开展，旨在探究4种不同烃类物质对海洋沉积物生态系统的影响。实验将4种不同烃类分别与脱除底栖生物的海洋沉积物均匀混合后，放置于奥布莱恩湾1号站位（O'Brien Bay-1）海床的专属托盘内进行原位布设。分别于布设周期达5周、56周、62周、2年及5年时回收上述托盘。此外还设置了一项生物扰动（bioturbation）处理组，仅在布设56周时引入掘穴海胆（Abatus）开展扰动实验。在每个采样时间点，从每个处理组的4个重复托盘中采集实验样品。后续针对沉积物烃类化学组成、微生物群落、小型底栖生物（meiofauna）群落、大型底栖生物（macrofauna）群落及硅藻（diatom）群落开展了多维度检测分析。本次实验的烃类处理组共包含4类：① 美孚（Mobil）合成润滑油；② 经车辆发动机运转125小时后的同款美孚合成润滑油；③ 福斯（Fuchs）合成润滑油，该产品宣传为高生物可降解性润滑油；④ 南极专用混合柴油（Special Antarctic Blend diesel fuel，SAB）。同时设置未受污染的沉积物对照组，用于对照比较。