Plastic soil covers in vegetative development, production and quality of strawberries

ABSTRACT The purpose this study was to evaluate the vegetative development, yield and quality of strawberry cultivars of short and neutral days as a function of soil cover. Two experiments were carried out in a protected environment. The experimental design used in both experiments consisted of randomized blocks, with subdivided plots. Harvests were carried out every two days, when the berries presented 75% of the red coloration of the epidermis, with evaluation of yield, number of fruits/plant, and fresh biomass of the fruits. For fruit quality, the pH, SS, titratable acidity, SS/TA ratio and fruit staining were evaluated. The contents of chlorophyll a and b, chlorophyll a + b and the chlorophyll a/b ratio in the leaves were also measured. At the end of the productive cycle, destructive evaluations of leaf number, leaf area and dry biomass of shoot were carried out. Cultivation on white plastic soil coverage presented plants with lower vegetative development, higher yield, and fruit size. Among the cultivars of short days, Camino Real presented bigger and more attractive fruits regarding the appearance of color of epidermis. For neutral day cultivars, Aromas obtained higher yield.

摘要 本研究旨在探究土壤覆盖方式对短日照与中性日照草莓品种的营养生长、产量及品质的影响。本研究于保护地环境中开展两项试验，两项试验均采用裂区随机区组试验设计。采收工作每两日开展一次，采收标准为浆果表皮75%面积呈现红色，期间测定产量、单株结果数及果实鲜生物量。果实品质指标涵盖pH值、可溶性固形物（Soluble Solids, SS）、可滴定酸度、可溶性固形物/可滴定酸度比值及果实着色情况。此外，还测定了叶片中的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b总含量及叶绿素a/b比值。在生产周期结束时，通过破坏性取样测定叶片数量、叶面积及地上部干生物量。结果表明，采用白色塑料地膜覆盖栽培的植株，营养生长量更低，但产量更高、果实尺寸更大。在短日照草莓品种中，Camino Real的果实表皮色泽更饱满诱人，单果更大；中性日照草莓品种中，Aromas的产量更高。