<b>China's food demand from 2020 to 2100 across the five </b><b>shared socioeconomic pathways</b>

Building on the vast heterogeneity in dietary practices and population size across China, which contributed to profound regional disparities in food demand, we incorporated regional dietary preferences and energy needs across different age groups, genders, and residential statuses to estimate future regional dietary patterns and project raw grain demand for 13 major foods (rice, wheat, maize, tubers, highland barley, beans, pork, beef, mutton, poultry, aquatic products, eggs, and dairy products) in China from 2020 to 2100 across the five shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios at the provincial level.The projected diets were proven to be consistent with Chinese dietary practices and fulfilled macronutritionsrequirements, compared to dietary guidelines from the EAT-Lancet Commission, the Chinese Nutrition Society, and major peer studies. Diet directly relates to food security, human health, and environmental sustainability. The dataset developed in this study provides detailed demand information at both spatial and food-specific levels, offering valuable insights for conducting food management strategies tailored to regional needs and optimizing resource allocation strategies. The data unit is ten thousand tons.本研究立足中国各地饮食实践与人口规模的显著异质性——该特征造成了粮食需求的深刻区域差异——纳入不同年龄、性别与居住状况的区域饮食偏好与能量需求，对2020至2100年中国13类主要食品（水稻、小麦、玉米、薯类、青稞、豆类、猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、禽肉、水产品、蛋类及乳制品）的原粮需求开展预测，分析覆盖5种共享社会经济路径（Shared Socioeconomic Pathway, SSP）情景，且以省级行政区为研究尺度。经检验，本研究所预测的饮食结构与中国本土饮食实践相符，且满足宏量营养素需求；对比EAT-柳叶刀委员会、中国营养学会发布的膳食指南以及主流同行评议研究，该预测结果均保持一致。饮食直接关联粮食安全、人类健康与环境可持续性。本研究构建的数据集提供了空间维度与食品品类维度的精细化需求信息，可为制定适配区域需求的粮食管理策略、优化资源配置方案提供重要参考。本数据集的数据单位为万吨。