Sarcopenia, Obesity, and Sarcopenic Obesity in Relation to Functional Limitations in Older Adults

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are common in older adults and may be associated with functional limitations in Basic (BADL) and Instrumental (IADL) Activities of Daily Living. This study aimed to evaluate the association between body composition phenotypes and BADL/IADL limitations among older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 440 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years (281 women, 159 men; mean age 74.7 ± 7.8 years). Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to EWGSOP2 criteria, obesity was defined as Percent Body Fat > 42% in women and >30% in men, and SO was classified based on the ESPEN/EASO recommendations. The reference phenotype was ‘non-sarcopenic, non-obese’. Functional status was evaluated using the Katz and Lawton scales, with limitations defined as BADL ≤ 5 and IADL ≤ 26 points, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine associations between body composition phenotypes and BADL/IADL limitations.

背景与研究目的：肌少症、肥胖症及肌少症性肥胖（sarcopenic obesity，SO）在老年人群中高发，且可能与基本日常生活活动能力（BADL）、工具性日常生活活动能力（IADL）的功能受限存在关联。本研究旨在探讨老年人群体成分表型与BADL、IADL功能受限之间的相关性。
研究方法：本横断面研究纳入440名年龄≥60岁的社区居住成年人（其中女性281名，男性159名；平均年龄74.7±7.8岁）。肌少症的诊断参照EWGSOP2标准；肥胖症定义为女性体脂百分比＞42%、男性体脂百分比＞30%；肌少症性肥胖则依据欧洲临床营养与代谢学会（ESPEN）与欧洲肥胖研究协会（EASO）的推荐标准进行分类。以"非肌少症、非肥胖"作为参照表型。采用Katz量表与Lawton量表评估受试者的功能状态，功能受限的判定标准分别为BADL评分≤5分、IADL评分≤26分。通过多因素logistic回归分析，明确体成分表型与BADL、IADL功能受限之间的关联。