GeoChanges QA

This work introduces GeoChangesQA, a novel spatiotemporal QA dataset for historical geospatial knowledge. We first developed the Historical County Boundaries Ontology (HCB-O) to create this dataset. Then, we leveraged geospatial historical data spanning regions in the United States from 1630 to 2000 to populate the novel Historical CountyBoundaries Knowledge Graph (HCB-KG). Subsequently, we developed a semi-automated procedure for generating questions, GeoSPARQL queries, and corresponding answers over HCB-KG by leveraging subgraph and query template extraction techniques. Through this method, we automatically generated 5, 700 question-query-answer triples.本研究提出了GeoChangesQA，一款面向历史地理空间知识的新型时空问答（spatiotemporal QA）数据集。本研究首先构建了历史县域边界本体（Historical County Boundaries Ontology，HCB-O）以支撑该数据集的创建。随后，本研究利用1630年至2000年间覆盖美国全域的地理空间历史数据，对新型历史县域边界知识图谱（Historical CountyBoundaries Knowledge Graph，HCB-KG）进行实例填充。继而，本研究借助子图与查询模板抽取技术，开发了一套半自动化流程，用于在HCB-KG上生成问题、GeoSPARQL查询语句及对应答案。通过上述流程，本研究自动生成了5700组问题-查询-答案三元组。