ACTIVE PARTICIPLES IN RUSSIAN COLLOQUIAL SPEECH

This article examines the functioning of active participles in Russian colloquial speech. The relevance of this study is determined by changes occurring in modern spoken communication, as well as the expansion of oral communication in the context of digitalization. The aim of the study is to identify the structural, grammatical, semantic, and pragmatic features of the use of active participles in oral speech, determine their frequency, and determine their functional meaning. The article analyzes colloquial speech, literary dialogues, and media texts. Descriptive, comparative, and functional analysis methods are used. The study found that active participles are used significantly less frequently in spoken language than in written language, due to a tendency toward simplification of syntactic constructions. Participial clauses are replaced by subordinate clauses, as well as a reduction of morphological forms. Typical patterns of functioning of present and past tense active participles are identified. The results of the study can be used in teaching Russian, including as a foreign language, as well as in courses on functional grammar and stylistics.本文旨在探讨俄语口语中主动形动词（active participles）的实际运用情况。本研究的研究价值源于现代口语交际领域发生的诸多变化，以及数字化背景下口语交际范围的不断拓展。本研究的目标在于明确口语中主动形动词使用的结构、语法、语义及语用特征，统计其使用频率，并界定其功能内涵。本文的分析语料涵盖口语语料、文学对话文本及媒体文本，采用描述法、比较法及功能分析法开展研究。研究发现，受句法结构简化趋势的影响，主动形动词在口语中的使用频率显著低于书面语：形动词分句多被主从复合句替代，同时伴随词形变化的缩减。本研究还明确了现在时与过去时主动形动词的典型使用模式。 本研究成果可应用于俄语教学（包括对外俄语教学）以及功能语法、文体学相关课程的教学实践中。