THE ROLE OF EXTRAGENITAL DISEASES IN MATERNAL MORTALITY: A CLINICAL ANALYSIS

Maternal mortality remains a critical global health issue, with increasing attention being given to indirect causes such as extragenital diseases. This study aimed to analyze the role and clinical characteristics of non-obstetric conditions in maternal mortality. A retrospective clinical study was conducted at a tertiary maternity hospital over the period 2018–2024, including 60 cases of maternal death associated with extragenital pathology. Data were collected from medical records, laboratory findings, and autopsy reports. The results showed that cardiovascular diseases (30%) were the leading cause among extragenital factors, followed by viral hepatitis (20%), other chronic conditions (20%), viral-bacterial pneumonia (16.7%), and parasitic diseases (13.3%). Most maternal deaths occurred during the third trimester, and delayed diagnosis along with inadequate management were identified as key contributing factors. The findings highlight the significant impact of extragenital diseases on maternal mortality and emphasize the need for early diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, and improved clinical management. Strengthening antenatal screening and integrating specialized care can reduce mortality rates associated with non-obstetric conditions.孕产妇死亡率仍是全球重大公共卫生难题，生殖道外疾病（extragenital diseases）这类间接死因正受到日益广泛的关注。本研究旨在探讨非产科疾病（non-obstetric conditions）在孕产妇死亡中的作用及临床特征。本研究于2018年至2024年在一家三级妇产医院开展回顾性临床研究，纳入60例与生殖道外病理改变相关的孕产妇死亡病例，研究数据采集自病历资料、实验室检验结果及尸检报告。结果显示，在生殖道外相关死因中，心血管疾病（cardiovascular diseases）占比30%，位居首位；其次依次为病毒性肝炎（viral hepatitis，20%）、其他慢性疾病（20%）、病毒细菌性肺炎（viral-bacterial pneumonia，16.7%）及寄生虫病（parasitic diseases，13.3%）。多数孕产妇死亡事件发生于妊娠晚期，诊断延误与处置不当被认定为主要致病危险因素。本研究结果凸显了生殖道外疾病对孕产妇死亡率的显著影响，同时强调了开展早期诊断、实施多学科协作诊疗及优化临床管理的必要性。加强产前筛查并整合专科护理服务，可降低非产科疾病相关的孕产妇死亡率。