Data from: Rapid evolution and the genomic consequences of selection against interspecific mating

While few species introduced into a new environment become invasive, those
that do provide critical information on ecological mechanisms that
determine invasions success and the evolutionary responses that follow
invasion. Aedes albopictus (the Asian tiger mosquito) was introduced into
the naturalized range of Aedes aegypti (the yellow fever mosquito) in the
USA in the mid-1980s, resulting in the displacement of A. aegypti in much
of the southeastern USA. The rapid displacement was likely due to the
superior competitive ability of A. albopictus as larvae and asymmetric
mating interference competition, in which male A. albopictus mate with and
sterilize A. aegypti females, a process called “satyrization”. The goal of
this study was to examine the genomic responses of a resident species to
an invasive species in which the mechanism of character displacement is
understood. We used double-digest restriction enzyme DNA sequencing
(ddRADseq) to analyze outlier loci between selected and control lines of
laboratory-reared A. aegypti females from two populations (Tucson, AZ and
Key West, Florida, USA), and individual females classified as either
“resisted” or “mated with” A. albopictus males via mating trials of
wild-derived females from four populations in Florida. We found
significant outlier loci in comparing selected and control lines and
between mated and non-mated A. aegypti females in the laboratory and
wild-derived populations, respectively. We found overlap in specific
outlier loci between different source populations that support consistent
genomic signatures of selection within A. aegypti. Our results point to
regions of the A. aegypti genome and potential candidate genes that may be
involved in mating behavior, and specifically in avoiding interspecific
mating choices.