Hydrogen cyanamide breaks grapevine bud dormancy in the summer. Vitis labrusca x Vitis vinifera

Microarray analysis revealed specific alterations in gene expression in dormancy breaking buds induced by pruning (P), hydrogen cyanamide (HC), pruning plus hydrogen cyanamide (PHC) after 24 h of treatment. PHC treatment altered the expression of the largest number of genes and rapid accumulation of a sublethal level of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species subsequently induces cell wall loosening and expansion for bud sprouting Overall design: The dormancy buds treated by P, HC, PHC and water as control. Biological replicates: 3 replicates.