TABLE 2 in A review of migratory Alosidae marine ecology in the northwest Atlantic

TABLE 2 Status and commercial fishery summary table for alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), and American shad (Alosa sapidissima) in Canada and the USA. Jurisdiction IUCN statusAlewife Least concernBlueback herring VulnerableAmerican Shad Least concernCanadaSARA statusNot listedNot listedNot listedCommercial fisheriesYes, the majority occur in fresh water with only a few small-scale marine fisheries Permitted gear: gillnet, dip-net, square net, trap net, and weirRecreational fisheriesYes, managed federallyRegulations regarding location, gear (permit dip-net, gillnet, square net, trap net, or weir), and seasonal closures Recreational harvests permittedBy-catch aN/AN/AN/AUnited StatesESA statusNot listedNot listedNot listedCommercial fisheriesNo, nearly all of the eastern states closed their commercial fisheries in 2012, and state-level moratoria are now in place Permitted gear for the few that remain: small-mesh bottom trawlers and larger-scale paired mid-water/ bottom trawlersRecreational fisheriesYes, managed by stateRegulations for location, and gear (permit dip-nets, hook-and-line) Majority do not permit recreational harvestsBy-catch b2.8 million lb2.8 million lb10,000 lb Abbreviations: ESA, Endangered Species Act; SARA, Species at Risk Act. a By-catch landings for the Atlantic mackerel and Atlantic herring commercial fisheries in Canada are not openly available. b All estimated by-catch landings were from the 2022 by-catch reports of Atlantic herring and Atlantic mackerel commercial fisheries and published in 2023 by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC).表2 加拿大与美国油鲱（Alewife，*Alosa pseudoharengus*）、蓝背鲱（Blueback herring，*Alosa aestivalis*）及美洲西鲱（American shad，*Alosa sapidissima*）保护现状与商业渔业概况表。 管辖区域相关信息如下： ### 加拿大 1. 国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）濒危等级：油鲱为无危，蓝背鲱为易危，美洲西鲱为无危； 2. 《物种风险法案》（SARA）评级：三个物种均未被列入名录； 3. 商业渔业：存在。绝大多数作业开展于淡水水域，仅存少量小规模海洋渔业，许可使用的渔具包括刺网、抄网、方网、陷阱网及堰网； 4. 休闲渔业：存在，由联邦层面统一管理，管制规则涵盖作业地点、渔具（许可使用抄网、刺网、方网、陷阱网或堰网）及休渔期限制，允许休闲捕捞； 5. 副渔获物a：三个物种均无可用数据。 注a：加拿大大西洋鲭与大西洋鲱商业渔业的副渔获物上岸量未对外公开披露。 ### 美国 1. 《濒危物种法》（ESA）评级：三个物种均未被列入名录； 2. 商业渔业：不存在。美国东部绝大多数州已于2012年关停商业渔业，目前各州均已实施捕捞禁令，仅存的少量渔业许可使用小型底拖网及规模化中层/底层配对拖网； 3. 休闲渔业：存在，由各州分别管理，管制规则涵盖作业地点与渔具（许可使用抄网、手钓竿），多数州不允许休闲捕捞； 4. 副渔获物b：油鲱280万磅，蓝背鲱280万磅，美洲西鲱1万磅。 注b：所有估算的副渔获物上岸量均取自2022年大西洋鲭与大西洋鲱商业渔业的副渔获物报告，并由大西洋各州海洋渔业委员会（Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, ASMFC）于2023年发布。 缩写说明：ESA为《濒危物种法》（Endangered Species Act）；SARA为《加拿大物种风险法案》（Species at Risk Act）。