Community Appreciation of Biodiversity Indicator (2022-ongoing)

### Survey objectives: \r\n\r\nThe community appreciation of biodiversity (CAB) indicator is one of the measures in the NSW Government's Biodiversity Indicator Program reporting. The indicator is based on a set of survey questions to assess and track changes in community understanding and support of biodiversity conservation across 3 key dimensions:\r\n\r\n* cognitive appreciation – whether people are aware of biodiversity and its benefits or values\r\n* affective appreciation – how much people value biodiversity and whether they care about it\r\n* behavioural appreciation – whether people are engaged in actions that protect or benefit biodiversity.\r\n\r\nMore information about the Biodiversity Indicator Program and the latest 2024 Biodiversity Outlook Report is available here: https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/animals-and-plants/biodiversity/biodiversity-indicator-program\r\n\r\n\r\n### Enhanced survey instrument: \r\n\r\nThe CAB indicator was conceptualised and developed by an external group of researchers from University of Queensland, Queensland University of Technology and CSIRO. The first assessment of the indicator repurposed data from the 2015 ‘Who cares about the environment?’ survey to help understand community appreciation of biodiversity across the 3 dimensions. The findings were published in 2021. \r\n\r\nThe same external team of researchers developed an enhanced CAB indicator method for future use. The second assessment in 2022 adopted the same 3 dimensions as the first assessment, but using a purpose-built survey tool. The enhanced survey instrument retained the 22 'Who cares' survey questions used in the first assessment, for comparison and continuity, and incorporated 52 additional questions which allow the indicator to be more comprehensively assessed. \r\nThe attached 'Developing enhanced measures' report describes the development and features of this enhanced indicator. The report is also available here:\r\nhttps://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/community-appreciation-of-biodiversity-indicator-developing-enhanced-measures\r\n\r\nSince 2022, the NSW DCCEEW Social Science team have collected data using the enhanced CAB indicator survey on an annual basis, to track trends over time.\r\n\r\n\r\n### Methodology and reporting:\r\n\r\nThe enhanced CAB survey is issued as a 12-minute online questionnaire to a total of approximately 2,000 residents of NSW aged 18 and over. The survey was built and is hosted using the Qualtrics survey platform. A number of data quality checks are conducted at launch of each survey, and on delivery of the final data.\r\n\r\nQualtrics is responsible for sourcing participants from several market research panel providers. Quotas have been set by key demographics to ensure a representative sample. The final results are weighted by age group, gender, regional proportions, and Aboriginal status for NSW population. It is acknowledged that some groups may be underrepresented in the final sample - such as residents with limited English skills, residents with low or no formal education, those with limited access to internet etc. \r\n\r\nExternal events - such as Covid-19 pandemic related public health orders, extreme weather events in NSW - so far have not impacted the ability to gather sample for the study. However, as this is a social research dataset, it is expected that such external events may have an impact on the environmental attitudes and behaviours that the survey has been designed to collect information on, and may explain some of the variance in the results over time.\r\n\r\nResults are reported on an aggregated level in order to protect the privacy and anonymity of individual respondents, to meet social research industry standards, and to ensure the robustness of the results. \r\n\r\nAt the aggregate NSW level, the survey has high levels of accuracy, due to the large sample size of approximately n=2,000 responses per wave. Typically, at the 95% confidence level, the margin of error (MoE) on survey results reported on population level is approximately +/- 2.2% points or less. \r\n\r\n\r\n----\r\n\r\nPlease contact Social Science Team at [e-mail] with any questions or feedback.\r\n

### 调查目标：

社区生物多样性认知（Community Appreciation of Biodiversity, CAB）指标是新南威尔士州（New South Wales, NSW）政府生物多样性指标计划报告中的一项测评措施。该指标依托一套调研问卷，从三大核心维度评估并追踪公众对生物多样性保护的认知与支持度变化：

* 认知层面（cognitive appreciation）：公众是否了解生物多样性及其价值与益处
* 情感层面（affective appreciation）：公众对生物多样性的重视程度与关怀意愿
* 行为层面（behavioural appreciation）：公众是否参与保护或助力生物多样性的相关行动。

更多关于生物多样性指标计划及2024年最新《生物多样性展望报告》的信息可访问：https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/animals-and-plants/biodiversity/biodiversity-indicator-program

### 优化版调研工具：

CAB指标由昆士兰大学、昆士兰科技大学及澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织（Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO）的外部研究团队构思并开发。该指标的首次评估借助2015年“谁在意环境？”调研的现有数据，以解析三大维度下的社区生物多样性认知水平，相关研究成果于2021年发表。

同一外部研究团队为后续应用开发了优化版CAB指标方法。2022年开展的第二次评估沿用了首次评估的三大维度，但采用了专为本次调研开发的工具。优化版调研工具保留了首次评估中使用的22道“谁在意环境？”问卷题目以保障研究的可比性与延续性，同时新增52道题目，使该指标的评估更为全面。

随附的《开发优化测评方法》报告详述了该优化版指标的研发过程与特性，报告亦可通过以下链接获取：
https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/community-appreciation-of-biodiversity-indicator-developing-enhanced-measures

自2022年起，新南威尔士州气候、能源、环境与水利部（NSW DCCEEW）社会科学团队每年采用优化版CAB指标调研收集数据，以追踪长期趋势。

### 调研方法与结果报告：

优化版CAB调研以12分钟线上问卷的形式，面向新南威尔士州总计约2000名18岁及以上居民发放。本次调研依托Qualtrics调研平台搭建并托管。每一轮调研启动阶段及最终数据交付后，均会开展多项数据质量核查工作。

Qualtrics负责从多家市场调研样本供应商处招募受访者。调研根据关键人口统计学特征设置配额，以确保样本具有代表性。最终结果将按年龄组、性别、区域分布及新南威尔士州原住民身份进行加权处理。需说明的是，部分群体在最终样本中代表性不足，例如英语能力有限的居民、低学历或无正规学历群体、互联网接入受限群体等。

截至目前，新冠疫情相关公共卫生管制、新南威尔士州极端天气事件等外部事件尚未对本次调研的样本收集工作造成影响。但由于本数据集属于社会研究范畴，此类外部事件或会影响调研旨在收集的公众环境态度与行为相关信息，并可能解释不同周期调研结果间的部分差异。

为保护受访者隐私与匿名性、符合社会研究行业标准并保障结果的稳健性，调研结果均以聚合形式发布。

在新南威尔士州整体层面，由于每轮调研样本量约为2000份，结果具备较高准确度。在95%置信水平下，总体层面调研结果的误差边际（Margin of Error, MoE）约为±2.2个百分点或更低。

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