Sophocles, type 3

This marble bust is a 1st Century AD copy of a Greek original of the beginning of the 4th Century BC. The work depicts Sophocles. Sophocles (c. 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC) is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays during the course of his life, but only seven have survived in a complete form: Ajax, Antigone, Women of Trachis, Oedipus Rex, Electra, Philoctetes and Oedipus at Colonus. For almost 50 years, Sophocles was the most celebrated playwright in the dramatic competitions of the city-state of Athens that took place during the religious festivals of the Lenaea and the Dionysia. He competed in 30 competitions, won 24, and was never judged lower than second place. Aeschylus won 13 competitions, and was sometimes defeated by Sophocles, while Euripides won four competitions.这件大理石胸像是公元1世纪复刻的公元前4世纪初的希腊原作，刻画的是索福克勒斯。索福克勒斯（约公元前497/6年—公元前406/5年冬）是留存有完整剧作的三位古希腊悲剧作家之一。他的首部剧作创作时间晚于或与埃斯库罗斯的剧作同期，且早于或与欧里庇得斯的剧作同期。索福克勒斯一生创作了逾120部剧作，但仅存7部完整传世：《埃阿斯》《安提戈涅》《特拉喀斯少女》《俄狄浦斯王》《厄勒克特拉》《菲罗克忒忒斯》与《俄狄浦斯在科罗诺斯》。在近五十年间，索福克勒斯都是雅典城邦在勒奈亚节与狄俄尼索斯节宗教庆典中举办的戏剧赛事中最负盛名的剧作家。他共计参与30场赛事，斩获24项冠军，且从未获得过第二名以外的名次。埃斯库罗斯曾赢得13项赛事冠军，有时会被索福克勒斯击败；而欧里庇得斯仅斩获4项冠军。