Response and explanatory variables used in regression analysis

The slow-paced life history of many Neotropical birds (e.g., high survival and low fecundity) is hypothesized to increase lifetime fitness through investments in self-maintenance over reproduction relative to their temperate counterparts. Molt is a key investment in self-maintenance and is readily shaped by environmental conditions. As such, variation in molt strategies may be a key mechanism underlying life-history trade-offs and adaptation to new environments. Here, we review molt strategies from a diversity of lowland Neotropical landbirds and examine how variation in molt strategies, characterized by differences in molt insertions, timing, extent, and duration contribute to life-history variation and adaptation to diverse ecological conditions. In addition to our synthesis, we present a case study to examine the relationship between home range size and duration of the definitive prebasic molt of a well-studied subset of Amazonian landbirds. Our results suggest a connection between p...

诸多新热带区鸟类（Neotropical birds）具有慢节奏生活史特征，例如高存活率与低繁殖力。已有假说指出，相较于温带对应类群，这类鸟类通过将资源更多投向自我维持而非繁殖，能够提升其终生适合度。换羽（molt）是自我维持的关键投资行为，且易受环境条件调控。据此，换羽策略的差异或许是阐释生活史权衡与新环境适应的核心机制。本文综述了多样的低地新热带区陆禽的换羽策略，并探讨了以换羽插入模式、时机、范围与持续时长为特征的换羽变异，如何助力生活史变异与多样生态条件的适应。除本次综合综述外，本文还通过案例研究，探究了一组被充分研究的亚马逊陆禽类群的家域面积与成鸟基本换羽（definitive prebasic molt）持续时长之间的关联。本研究结果表明，……