CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) at Galindez Island (GAI) for gentoo penguins (PYP)

Galindez Island (Subarea 48.1) is part of the Argentine Islands, Wilhelm Archipelago. The Ukrainian station Vernadsky is located on Galindez Island. **Gentoo penguins** are monitored for breeding population size and breeding success. **Purpose of CEMP:** In order to provide information of the effects of fishing on dependent species, CCAMLR set up the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) in 1989. The two aims of CEMP are to: 1) Detect and record significant changes in critical components of the marine ecosystem within the Convention Area, to serve as a basis for the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources. 2) Distinguish between changes due to harvesting of commercial species and changes due to environmental variability, both physical and biological.