中国西南森林地上生物量碳密度数据集(2002–2017)

随着石漠化综合治理和生态修复等重大工程的实施, 我国西南喀斯特地区已成为全球植被覆盖和地上生物量增长最快的地区之一, 也是中国率先实现碳中和目标的潜力区域。但由于地质背景复杂, 本区域森林地上生物量的估算存在较大的不确定性。因此, 对西南森林地上生物量的准确估算和生态恢复下固碳效应的监测评估研究成为迫切需求, 以期为优化生态治理工程、实现碳中和及森林管理提供科学指导。作者使用2015年碳密度静态基准图来训练机器学习算法, 应用于年度MODIS图像来估算碳密度变化；辅以分辨率为25 km×25 km的SMOS低频无源微波数据独立评估2010–2017年生物量变化和土壤湿度趋势；生成了2002–2017年覆盖中国西南地区的地上生物量碳密度数据集, 空间分辨率为500 m×500 m；并根据分辨率为30 m和5.6 km的独立树木覆盖数据对本数据集进行验证, 相关系数达0.9。本数据集量化了造林、采伐和自然再生等不同森林管理策略对碳固存的影响, 提供了中国西南地区多种生态系统、植被类型、植被结构在不同时间尺度和空间尺度下的生物量碳密度数据, 可为多尺度的生态环境管理和研究提供支持；多源数据提取生物量碳密度信息, 与地面调查数据校正、验证相结合的分析方法, 可为多尺度的生态环境监测和分析的数据处理提供技术参考；同时本数据集的结果, 还可应用于生态环境保护、气候变化、生态系统服务评估、碳排放核算、土地利用规划等专题研究领域, 为政府部门、科研机构和环保组织提供重要的决策支持和分析借鉴。

With the implementation of major projects such as comprehensive rocky desertification control and ecological restoration, the karst region of southwest China has become one of the areas with the fastest growth of global vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass, and it is also a potential region for China to take the lead in achieving the carbon neutrality goal. However, due to its complex geological background, there is considerable uncertainty in the estimation of forest aboveground biomass in this region. Therefore, accurate estimation of forest aboveground biomass in southwest China and research on monitoring and evaluation of carbon sequestration effects under ecological restoration have become urgent demands, with the aim of providing scientific guidance for optimizing ecological governance projects, achieving carbon neutrality and forest management. The authors utilized the 2015 static baseline carbon density map to train machine learning algorithms, and applied these algorithms to annual MODIS imagery to estimate carbon density changes; supplemented by 25 km×25 km resolution SMOS low-frequency passive microwave data to independently assess biomass changes and soil moisture trends during 2010–2017. An aboveground biomass carbon density dataset covering southwest China from 2002 to 2017 was generated, with a spatial resolution of 500 m×500 m. This dataset was validated using independent tree cover data with resolutions of 30 m and 5.6 km, achieving a correlation coefficient of 0.9. This dataset quantifies the impacts of different forest management strategies including afforestation, logging and natural regeneration on carbon sequestration, and provides biomass carbon density data of various ecosystems, vegetation types and vegetation structures in southwest China across different temporal and spatial scales, which can support multi-scale ecological environment management and research. The analytical method that extracts biomass carbon density information from multi-source data and combines it with ground survey data for calibration and validation can provide technical references for data processing in multi-scale ecological environment monitoring and analysis. Furthermore, the results of this dataset can also be applied to thematic research fields such as ecological environmental protection, climate change, ecosystem service assessment, carbon emission accounting and land use planning, providing important decision support and analytical references for government departments, research institutions and environmental protection organizations.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了2002-2017年中国西南地区森林地上生物量碳密度的详细数据，空间分辨率为500 m×500 m，覆盖地理范围为97°31′–117°12′E, 20°12′–34°19′N。数据集通过多源遥感数据和机器学习算法生成，并经过独立验证，相关系数达0.9，适用于生态环境管理、气候变化研究等多个领域。