Single-trial learning leads to mid-term memory formation in an ant during an appetitive but not an aversive task

Insects have been models of associative learning and its underlying memory mechanisms. Research on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the honeybee Apis mellifera yielded deep insights into the different memory types and their formation dynamics following repeated stimulus exposure. However, less is understood about the ability of insects to learn from a single exposure. Accumulating evidence is revealing that several insect species are able to learn from a single trial. Studies have largely focused on odour appetitive learning. In this study, we investigated the ability of the ant Lasius niger to learn from a single trial to associate a reward or a punishment with one side of a Y-maze. The ants successfully demonstrated appetitive learning but no aversive learning. This appetitive learning led to the rapid formation of mid-term memory, remaining sensitive to anaesthesia for at least 15 minutes post-training. Contrary to single trial appetitive odour learning described in other sp..., The data was collected at the University of Regensburg between the year 2023 and 2024. It was then entered in the excel file attached and uploaded to dryad for long term storage., , # Single-trial learning leads to mid-term memory formation in an ant during an appetitive but not an aversive task

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv1qk](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv1qk)

## Description of the data and file structure

The data was collected at the University of Regensburg on the ant Lasius niger, in 2024 (except the odour learning data which were collected in 2023).

### Files and variables

#### File: Data\_SingleTrialAnt.xlsx

**Description:** Raw data

##### Variables

| **Single trial** | |
| :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------...

昆虫长期以来都是联想学习及其潜在记忆机制研究的经典模式生物。针对黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）与西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的相关研究，已深入阐明了反复刺激暴露后不同记忆类型及其形成动态。然而学界对昆虫单次暴露后的学习能力仍缺乏深入认知。越来越多的研究证据表明，多个昆虫物种具备单次试次学习的能力，现有相关研究多集中于气味奖赏型联想学习方向。

本研究以黑毛蚁（Lasius niger）为实验对象，探究其通过单次试次学习将奖赏或惩罚与Y形迷宫（Y-maze）单侧建立关联的能力。实验结果显示，黑毛蚁可顺利完成奖赏型学习，但未表现出厌恶性学习能力。该奖赏型学习可快速形成中期记忆，且在训练结束后至少15分钟内仍对麻醉处理保持敏感性。与其他物种中报道的单次试次奖赏型气味学习研究结果相悖的是，……

本数据集于2023年至2024年间在雷根斯堡大学采集完成，随后被录入附件中的Excel文件，并上传至Dryad数据库进行长期存储。

# 单次试次学习可使蚂蚁在奖赏型而非厌恶性任务中形成中期记忆
[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv1qk](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv1qk)

## 数据与文件结构说明
本数据集以黑毛蚁（Lasius niger）为研究对象，于2024年在雷根斯堡大学采集完成（气味学习数据除外，该部分采集于2023年）。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：Data_SingleTrialAnt.xlsx
**说明：** 原始实验数据

##### 变量
| **单次试次** | |
| :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------...