THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN MODERN RADIOLOGIC DIAGNOSTICS: PRE- AND POST-MRI APPLICATIONS, ADVANTAGES, AND LIMITATIONS

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has revolutionized modern diagnostic radiology by providing high-resolution, non-ionizing visualization of internal anatomy and pathology. This review examines the role of MRI within the broader context of radiologic diagnostics, comparing pre-MRI and post-MRI phases of diagnostic workflows, and evaluating its benefits and drawbacks. While conventional imaging modalities such as X-ray and CT remain indispensable, MRI’s superior soft-tissue contrast and functional imaging capabilities have expanded diagnostic possibilities, particularly in neurological, musculoskeletal, and oncological fields. Limitations including cost, availability, and contraindications are discussed. Future directions emphasize multimodal integration and advanced functional MRI techniques for more personalized patient care.磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging，MRI）可提供高分辨率、无电离辐射的内部解剖结构与病理状态可视化成像，由此革新了现代诊断放射学领域。本综述探讨了磁共振成像在放射诊断整体框架中的应用价值，对比了MRI应用前后的诊断工作流程阶段，并评估了其优势与局限。尽管X线（X-ray）、计算机断层扫描（Computed Tomography，CT）等传统成像手段仍不可或缺，但磁共振成像凭借优异的软组织对比度与功能成像能力，拓展了诊断应用场景，尤其在神经、肌肉骨骼与肿瘤学领域优势突出。本文同时讨论了其存在的局限性，包括成本较高、可及性有限以及相关禁忌证。未来研究方向将聚焦于多模态整合与先进功能磁共振成像技术，以实现更具个性化的患者诊疗服务。